![]() | Updated: 6/21/2020 |
Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
Words
(click on a *proto-form for its set)
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n ñ n ñ n ñ n ñ n ñ ŋ o p q r s t u v w x y z ʔ
jaPonam(OC) 1sg, I, me PAN *i-aku jaYabem(OC) fire POC *api jaatiPetapa Taje(WMP) bad PMP *zaqat j-abiLindrou(OC) sago palm POC *Rabia jabjab-menewaMarshallese(OC) short of breath; out of breath POC *mañawa jabwiMarshallese(OC) taboo (archaic) POC *tabu jaʔətKenyah (Long Anap)(WMP) bad PWMP *zaqet jafPonam(OC) fire POC *api jahatBalinese(WMP) bad, immoral, nasty (conduct) PMP *zaqat jahatBanjarese(WMP) noose trap PWMP *zeRet jahatJavanese(WMP) flaw, imperfection PMP *zaqat jahatKaro Batak(WMP) bad, dangerous, not to be trusted (of animals and people) PMP *zaqat jahatMalay(WMP) evil-hearted PMP *zaqat jahat-kanMalay(WMP) to represent as wicked, to defame PMP *zaqat jahətMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) noose trap PWMP *zeRet jah iβuSebop(WMP) one thousand PMP *Ribu ja-hinoyItbayaten(WMP) not ripe, unripe PPH *hinuR jahitBalinese(WMP) sew, do needlework, stitch PMP *zaqit jahitMalay(WMP) sewing, stitching PMP *zaqit jahumBalinese(WMP) sewing needle PAN *zaRum jahum panabokanBalinese(WMP) an awl PAN *zaRum jaiʔMakassarese(WMP) sewing PMP *zaqit jaʔikManggarai(CMP) to sew PMP *zaqit jaʔitBintulu(WMP) sewing; sew (imper.) PMP *zaqit jaitIban(WMP) sewing, sew, work with a needle PMP *zaqit jaitJavanese(WMP) pertaining to sewing PMP *zaqit jaʔitMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) to sew PMP *zaqit jaitSasak(WMP) to sew PMP *zaqit jaitToba Batak(WMP) to sew PMP *zaqit ja ivəwKenyah (Long Wat)(WMP) one thousand PMP *Ribu jajoKodi(CMP) 1sg., I PAN *i-aku jajʔaʔMakassarese(WMP) to stand up straight PWMP *zegzeg jakan-aBalinese(WMP) was cooked, was prepared as food PMP *zakan jakaʔ p-ataːyKiput(WMP) time of death, time when someone dies PMP *p-atay jalaManam(OC) path, way, road POC *jalan jalaPetapa Taje(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalaUjir(CMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalaWogeo(OC) path, way, road POC *jalan jalaiIban(WMP) way, path, road; go, walk, travel; way of doing something, method, solution (way out) of difficulty PMP *zalan jalai asuʔIban(WMP) hunting trail PMP *zalan jalai bumaiIban(WMP) method of farming, way to farm PMP *zalan jalanBalinese(WMP) go, walk, travel, proceed; path, road, street, way PMP *zalan jalanCham(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanDelang(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanKenyah (Long Ikang)(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanMalay(WMP) movement in a definite direction; course; road; way; way to do something PMP *zalan jalanMoken(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) path PMP *zalan jalanMurik(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanPenan (Long Lamai)(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalanTialo(WMP) trail, track PMP *zalan jalan bahasaMalay(WMP) way of speech, idiom PMP *zalan jalaŋDampelas(WMP) road PMP *zalan jalaʔBukat(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jaliənNarum(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jalma manukSundanese(WMP) person with no fixed abode, wanderer (lit. ‘bird person’) PMP *manuk jama-jama mataMapun(WMP) one’s reflection in another person’s eye (‘person of the eye’) PMP *mata jamayRejang(WMP) stubble, rice stubble; last season’s ricefield PMP *zaRami jamiɁBisaya (Limbang)(WMP) 1pl. excl. nominative, we PAN *k-ami janKayan (Uma Juman)(WMP) no, not PMP *dian jangaŋ bulu auMakassarese(WMP) ash-colored, gray (of chickens) PMP *bulu₁ jaŋMarshallese(OC) to cry; to play music on radio or phonograph; to lament, mourn, weep; wail PMP *taŋis jaŋaBare'e(WMP) span PMP *zaŋan₁ jaŋanMalay(WMP) don't PWMP *zaŋan₂ jaŋaŋ buriʔMakassarese(WMP) a cock with multicolored feathers PWMP *burik jaŋawKayan(WMP) crop destroyed by insects PWMP *zaŋaw jaŋi-dMokilese(OC) to cry for PMP *taŋis-i jaŋi-tMarshallese(OC) to cry for someone PMP *taŋis-i jaŋkalMaloh(WMP) a measurement (from thumb to second finger) PWMP *zaŋkal jaŋkaŋMalay(WMP) wide astretch, of the limbs PWMP *zaŋkaŋ jaŋkitIban(WMP) infectious, contagious; catch, spread (as fire or disease) PWMP *za(ŋ)kit jaŋkitMalay(WMP) spread without visible contact, as an epidemic or fire PWMP *za(ŋ)kit jaŋkutBalinese(WMP) embrace, take in one's arms PAN *za(ŋ)kuC jaoʔNarum(WMP) far PMP *zauq jaoRotuman(OC) javelin, spear POC *jaot jaoʔSasak(WMP) far PMP *zauq jaoSonsorol-Tobi(OC) fishing line (cited only in the English index sub line) POC *apon japSori(OC) fire POC *api japa tawaOld Javanese(WMP) a formula to make poison, etc. harmless PWMP *tabaR japiMokilese(OC) wooden bowl POC *tabiRa japitBalinese(WMP) pinch PWMP *zapit japitJavanese(WMP) clip, fastener, tongs PWMP *zapit jaraDhao/Ndao(CMP) road PMP *zalan ʄaraHawu(CMP) path, way PMP *zalan jara-iSonsorol-Tobi(OC) way, track, road POC *jalan jaraŋIban(WMP) at wide intervals, far apart, seldom PWMP *zaRaŋ jaraŋMalay(WMP) having intervals or interspaces; sparse PWMP *zaRaŋ jaraŋSasak(WMP) far apart, scarce, seldom PWMP *zaRaŋ jaraŋJavanese(WMP) scarce, rare, seldom PWMP *zaRaŋ jaraŋ bulu dareʔMakassarese(WMP) mouse-colored horse PMP *bulu₁ jaraŋ mateMakassarese(WMP) horse that doesn't want to run any more PMP *m-atay jariaŋauMinangkabau(WMP) the sweet flag, Acorus calamus. A medicinal plant much used as a family remedy for children's complaints PWMP *zariaŋaw jarinIban(WMP) length of stout canes twisted together from which are hung overlapping cane nooses to catch driven deer PMP *zariŋ jariŋBalinese(WMP) net; fishing net; net for birds PMP *zariŋ jariŋJavanese(WMP) net for trapping fish, birds; fig., trick for snaring an unwary person; spider web PMP *zariŋ jariŋMalay(WMP) barrier net – of stake nets drawn across a stream, drift nets in a tideway, and fowlers’ nets (not of seines or dragnets) PMP *zariŋ jariŋNgaju Dayak(WMP) a 100-300 foot long cord from which a quantity of nooses are hung down to the near ground level, and into which wild animals are driven with the help of hunting dogs PMP *zariŋ jariŋOld Javanese(WMP) net (to catch fish, birds, kidangs [barking deer]) PMP *zariŋ jariŋSasak(WMP) net PMP *zariŋ jariŋSundanese(WMP) long net used to catch birds, dragnet PMP *zariŋ jariŋToba Batak(WMP) net used to catch fish, bats, game and birds PMP *zariŋ jariŋ-anJavanese(WMP) intestines; internal organs PMP *zariŋ jariŋ buronBalinese(WMP) a net for wild animals PMP *zariŋ jariŋ-jariŋBalinese(WMP) spider web PMP *zariŋ jariŋ-jariŋOld Javanese(WMP) spider web PMP *zariŋ jarʉdiSonsorol-Tobi(OC) ghost, spirit (Capell 1969) PMP *qanitu jarumIban(WMP) (sewing) needle; hand of clock or needle of dial PAN *zaRum jarumKaro Batak(WMP) sewing needle; hand of a clock; compass needle PAN *zaRum jarumMalay(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jarumSasak(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jarumToba Batak(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jaruŋMakassarese(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jaruŋManggarai(CMP) needle PAN *zaRum jaryth(y)Sonsorol-Tobi(OC) ghost, god (Quackenbush 1968) PMP *qanitu j-ati-Marshallese(OC) younger sibling; younger parallel cousin POC *taci jauBare'e(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jauBelait(WMP) far PMP *zauq jauʔBintulu(WMP) far PMP *zauq jauʔMelanau Dalat(WMP) far PMP *zauq jauMadurese(WMP) far, distant PMP *zauq jauʔMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) far PMP *zauq ʄauHawu(CMP) to sew PAN *zaRum jauhIban(WMP) far, far off, distant, remote PMP *zauq jauhMalay(WMP) remoteness PMP *zauq jauhSundanese(WMP) far, far away PMP *zauq jauhSalako(WMP) far PMP *zauq jauʔMelanau Dalat (Kampung Teh)(WMP) far PMP *zauq jawaBalinese(WMP) millet PAN *zawa₂ jawaʔIban(WMP) millet, especially Bulrush millet, Pennisetum typhoideum; jawaʔ is planted with the padi, but not as a main crop PAN *zawa₂ jawæNgaju Dayak(WMP) a plant resembling sugarcane but smaller, only about one finger thick, with many stalks that support grain in a black hull; the curved grains are somewhat smaller than rice grains, and are eaten cooked, having a taste somewhat like rice, but greasier; in central Borneo jawæ is often planted as a substitute for rice PAN *zawa₂ jawaOld Javanese(WMP) a grain (in particular barley or millet?). Perhaps a Prakrit form of Sanskrit yawa (barley). Was barley known in Java? Or should we assume jawa = jawawut (millet)? PAN *zawa₂ jawahSinghi Land Dayak(WMP) day (opposed to night) PMP *zawa₁ jawaʔ jambaiIban(WMP) superior kind of millet with long ear PAN *zawa₂ jayaBare'e(WMP) path, way, road; means to achieve something; means of transport PMP *zalan jaya ŋkadaBare'e(WMP) groove between nose and upper lip PMP *zalan jaʔanTialo(WMP) to boil, cook (in pot, water) PMP *zakan jaʔaŋDampelas(WMP) to boil, cook (in pot, water) PMP *zakan jaʔatBasap(WMP) bad PMP *zaqat jeMarshallese(OC) belly, stomach, innards PMP *tian jedMokilese(OC) sea water; salt PMP *tasik jeətNarum(WMP) bad PMP *zaqat jegjegBalinese(WMP) stand up properly (written letters); stand upright (the horns of a bovine) PWMP *zegzeg jehLikum(OC) fire POC *api jehet ~ jahetBalinese(WMP) snare, trap for birds PWMP *zeRet jəh ibəwPenan (Long Labid)(WMP) one thousand PMP *Ribu jəjakMalay(WMP) to trample on PAN *zekzek jəjakMalay(WMP) standing straight up, vertical PWMP *zegzeg jejalMalay(WMP) close an orifice with stuffing of any sort PWMP *zelzel je-jariŋSasak(WMP) kind of spider PMP *zariŋ jejegBalinese(WMP) stand bolt upright, stand up straight PWMP *zegzeg jejelNgaju Dayak(WMP) material used for stopping something up PWMP *zelzel jəjəlOld Javanese(WMP) crowding, packing PWMP *zelzel jəlaʔBintulu(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlaʔMelanau Dalat(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlaʔKenyah (Long Anap)(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlaʔMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlaMurik(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlaKayan (Uma Juman)(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jəlanJarai(WMP) path, road PMP *zalan jelataŋIban(WMP) small tree, Laportea stimulans Miq., having stinging hairs on the leaves, which can be littered about where an enemy may rest PMP *zalateŋ jelataŋMalay(WMP) stinging nettle, generic for certain plants with stinging leaves, including tree nettle (Laportea stimulans), causing intense pain and a rash like erysipelas, and used by Malays as an ingredient in poison or hung over doors to keep away evil spirits, common small nettle (Fleurya interrupta), causing itch, when the expression kena jelataŋ (or simply jelataŋ) ‘itchy, lascivious’, and stinging climber (Cnesmone javanica); a minute marine insect that gives a slight sting, sea-flea PMP *zalateŋ jəlayBintulu(WMP) kind of cultivated plant PMP *zelay jelayMalay(WMP) millet, Aphania pancijuga PMP *zelay jəleʔMiri(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jeleyNgaju Dayak(WMP) a plant similar to millet, but with larger grains that are round and yellowish PMP *zelay jəliBerawan (Long Terawan)(WMP) tongue PWMP *zelaq jeliŋIban(WMP) look from the corners of the eyes PWMP *zeliŋ jeliŋKaro Batak(WMP) cross-eyed PWMP *zeliŋ jeliŋMalay(WMP) give a side-glance full of meaning PWMP *zeliŋ jelma buŋar-enKaro Batak(WMP) someone in the prime of life PWMP *buŋaR jelma buŋar-enKaro Batak(WMP) someone in the prime of life PWMP *buŋaR-en jeluaŋMalay(WMP) vegetable parchment; native paper ... Old Malayo-Javanese romances are met with that have been written on this parchment (the bark used being that of Morus macroura or of Brousonnetia papyrifera) PWMP *zaluaŋ jemaMarshallese(OC) father, FB PMP *t-amax jemakBalinese(WMP) pick up, take, seize, stretch out a hand for something, grasp PMP *zemak jemakDairi-Pakpak Batak(WMP) grasp in the hand PMP *zemak jemakKaro Batak(WMP) hold something tightly in the hand PMP *zemak jəmeʔKayan(WMP) stubble or straw of rice left in the field after reaping PMP *zaRami jəmiʔKayan (Uma Juman)(WMP) rice stubble, rice straw PMP *zaRami jempitIban(WMP) crushed PWMP *zepit jenaW.Tarangan (Ngaibor)(CMP) mother PMP *t-ina jenefWatut(OC) centipede PCEMP *qalipan jeñoWest Damar(CMP) fish PMP *hikan jeŋjeŋDairi-Pakpak Batak(WMP) to stand up PWMP *zegzeg jéŋkétSundanese(WMP) stuck together, as the hair PWMP *ziŋkit jeŋkoŋIban(WMP) curved handle (as on a pail, teapot) PMP *zeŋkuŋ jepèt, jepitJavanese(WMP) pinched tightly (in a clip, etc.) PWMP *zepit jepitMalay (Jakarta)(WMP) nip, catch between pincers PWMP *zepit jeraʔIban(WMP) learn by experience (‘the hard way’), have one’s fill, get one’s fingers burned, be fed up with; (poetic) fearful, crazed PWMP *zeRa jeraMalay(WMP) deterred; warned by experience PWMP *zeRa jeraMarshallese(OC) squirrelfish: Holocentrus spp. PMP *taRaqan jeramiMalay(WMP) stubble; rice-aftergrowth; the waste or inedible parts of fruits like the jack and durian PMP *zaRami jəramiʔIban(WMP) sacred plants (induʔ padi – lit. ‘rice mother’) in the paddy field after harvest PMP *zaRami jeraŋauMalay(WMP) the sweet flag, Acorus calamus. A medicinal plant much used as a family remedy for children's complaints PWMP *zariaŋaw jəratMalay(WMP) running noose, of noose snares for birds and small mammals PWMP *zeRet jerat biŋkasMalay(WMP) a noose-snare that has been sprung PMP *biŋkas jərətSasak(WMP) snare; knot PWMP *zeRet jerok ipisMalay(WMP) a thin-skinned lime PAN *iŋ(e)pis jeruk nipisJavanese(WMP) sweet lime (from its thin skin) PMP *nipis jeuDali'(WMP) far PMP *zauq jəuʔKiput(WMP) far PMP *zauq jɛʔKelai(WMP) ginger PMP *laqia jəʔWahau(WMP) ginger PMP *laqia jhikCham(WMP) to sew PMP *zaqit jiIvatan (Isamorong)(WMP) oblique case marker for singular personal nouns PMP *ki₂ₐ jīRotuman(OC) plant with ornamental leaves and a sweet root: Cordyline terminalis PMP *siRi jiYami(WMP) not PPh *diq jianKayan (Busang)(WMP) no, not PMP *dian ji atuhKayan(WMP) one hundred PMP *Ratus jiheʔKayan(WMP) post or support of house PMP *hadiRi jihiAraki(OC) croton: Codiaeum variegatum PMP *siRi jihiʔKayan (Uma Juman)(WMP) house post PMP *hadiRi ʄi-ʄauHawu(CMP) needle PAN *zaRum jijiIaai(OC) a bird: Halcyon sanctus canacorum POC *kiki₁ jijiMalay(WMP) disgust PWMP *zizi jijirMinangkabau(WMP) grinning, showing the teeth PMP *zizir jilaBare'e(WMP) tongue and anything resembling it PMP *dilaq₁ jilaRotuman(OC) squint, be crossed (eyes) POC *silak₂ jilaSeru(WMP) tongue PMP *dilaq₁ jilaʔUma(WMP) tongue PMP *dilaq₁ jilakOld Javanese(WMP) partial eye defect (cross-eyed?) PMP *zilak jila letiBare'e(WMP) clitoris (lit. ‘tongue of the vagina’) PMP *dilaq₁ jilatMalay(WMP) to lick or lick up, of touching with the tongue, of a dog licking up food; of a dancing girl picking up coins with her lips PWMP *zilat jilatMalay(WMP) to lick or lick up; of touching with the tongue; of a dog licking up food; of a dancing girl picking up coins with her lips; and of tongues of flame “licking up” anything inflammable PWMP *dilat jilataŋMinangkabau(WMP) stinging nettle: Laportea spp. PMP *zilateŋ jilatoŋLampung(WMP) stinging nettle: Laportea spp. PMP *zilateŋ jilatoŋoRoviana(OC) kind of nettle POC *silatoŋ jileŋBalinese(WMP) squint, be cross-eyed PWMP *zeliŋ jileutRejang(WMP) to lick PWMP *dilat jili-Mokilese(OC) three PEMP *tolu jiliʔNarum(WMP) tongue PMP *dilaq₁ jiluMarshallese(OC) three PEMP *tolu jine-Marshallese(OC) mother; aunt; older sister; female cousin PMP *t-ina jiŋanUripiv(OC) whitebait POC *jiŋana jioBare'e(WMP) noose trap to catch mice or wild chickens PWMP *ziRet jiratIban(WMP) to hobble or tie by the legs (of animals, usually for killing) PWMP *ziRet jirətMalay (Jakarta)(WMP) noose trap PWMP *ziRet jiriEddystone/Mandegusu(OC) a plant, general term for Dracaena sp. PMP *siRi joaŋMokilese(OC) to cry PMP *taŋis johoNgaju Dayak(WMP) broth of meat or fish; sap, juice, fluid, liquid PMP *zuRuq jojoŋTami(OC) a cork; to cork POC *joŋjoŋ jokMarshallese(OC) to land, alight; perched POC *toko jokMokilese(OC) to swoop POC *toko jok-diMokilese(OC) to land (of bird, plane) POC *toko jokokaMalagasy(WMP) cattle whose horns turn down (Provincial) PMP *zuŋkuk joleBare'e(WMP) native maize: Coix agrestis PMP *zelay jole goaBare'e(WMP) Makasar maize: Zea mays PMP *zelay joliŋToba Batak(WMP) slanting, inclined PWMP *zeliŋ jolma pan-dua-iToba Batak(WMP) co-wife (lit. ‘person who is a second part’) PWMP *duha-i joloBabatana(OC) subside POC *solo₃ jomakToba Batak(WMP) grasp something with the whole hand PMP *zemak jonjot (secondary prenasalization)Malay(WMP) picking fibrous stuff, e.g. oakum PWMP *zutzut joŋkokMalay(WMP) to squat PMP *zuŋkuk joohDelang(WMP) far PMP *zauq jopiʔUma(WMP) narrow PWMP *zepit jop-jopuRotuman(OC) to keep on bending forward or half falling as one walks, lit. to go divingly POC *sobu jopuRotuman(OC) to dive, to swim under water POC *sobu jowiMokilese(OC) conch shell POC *tapuRi jrumCham(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum jrumJarai(WMP) needle PAN *zaRum juʔPenan (Long Labid)(WMP) far PMP *zauq jubi n-isi-nSoboyo(CMP) arrow of a bow PAN *isi₅ jujuŋBuginese(WMP) carrying on the head PWMP *zuŋzuŋ jujuŋ-aŋMakassarese(WMP) load to be carried on the head PWMP *zuŋzuŋ-an jujuŋ-enKaro Batak(WMP) wages for something, above all for someone who will join in a fight PWMP *zuŋzuŋ jujutMinangkabau(WMP) picking fibrous stuff, e.g. oakum PWMP *zutzut jukatMiri(WMP) to burn (rubbish, the fields) PMP *zeket jukutSundanese(WMP) grass, vegetables PMP *zukut julaʔKenyah(WMP) spittle PWMP *zulaq julaʔSasak(WMP) saliva, spittle PWMP *zulaq julaʔ-inSasak(WMP) to be spat upon PWMP *zulaq julaʔ ladaʔSasak(WMP) the first betel spittle, first expectoration after chewing areca nut PWMP *zulaq juliŋIban(WMP) squint; uneven, slanting PWMP *zuliŋ juliŋMalay(WMP) squint; cast in eye PWMP *zuliŋ juliŋ bər-taŋkapMalay(WMP) cross-eyed PWMP *zuliŋ j-uluKaro Batak(WMP) upstream PMP *di qulu j-uluʔSasak(WMP) passed by; do something before another PMP *di qulu juluʔSasak(WMP) do something before another PAN *zulu j-uluToba Batak(WMP) upstream, toward the mountains PMP *di qulu julu-anSasak(WMP) earlier, former PAN *zulu j-ulu-anToba Batak(WMP) the most honored place in the house at gatherings or feasts PMP *di qulu juluŋ-juluŋMalay(WMP) kind of freshwater fish PWMP *zuluŋ juma acemKaro Batak(WMP) a temporary, not well prepared ricefield PWMP *qalesem jumah sabahKaro Batak(WMP) irrigated ricefield (jumah ‘swidden’) PWMP *sabaq junjoŋMalay(WMP) supporting on the head (of a hawker carrying a basket on his head, a warrior raising his club over his head before striking, and of fixing gun shields on guns); indirectly, of props on which a thing rests; fig. obeying PWMP *zuŋzuŋ junjuŋBalinese(WMP) carry on the head PWMP *zuŋzuŋ junjuŋ-anJavanese(WMP) a burden PWMP *zuŋzuŋ-an junjuŋ-junjuŋ-anJavanese(WMP) lifting, raising PWMP *zuŋzuŋ-an juŋjuŋBalinese(WMP) to praise highly, flatter PWMP *zuŋzuŋ jurohMalay(WMP) syrup made of native sugar PMP *zuRuq juruSundanese(WMP) external corner, as of a mat, a house, a fence, etc. PWMP *zuRu juru kuruŋOld Javanese(WMP) servant who looks after the cocks PWMP *kuruŋ juru səlamMalay(WMP) diver; fisherman who immerses himself to listen for the presence of a shoal of fish PAN *selem₁ juuʔMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) juice (of fruit), sap (of tree); gravy PMP *zuRuq juʔuHawu(CMP) grass PMP *zukut juuʔ bəñuhMelanau (Mukah)(WMP) coconut cream PMP *zuRuq juyuLampung(WMP) back side PWMP *zuRu juyu waniBare'e(WMP) honey PMP *wani |
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n ñ n ñ n ñ n ñ n ñ ŋ o p q r s t u v w x y z ʔ
Austronesian Comparative Dictionary, web edition
Robert Blust and Stephen Trussel
www.trussel2.com/ACD
2010: revision 6/21/2020
email: Blust (content)
Trussel (production)
D:\Users\Stephen\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\prjACD\prjACD\bin\Debug\acd-w_j.htm