K

ke    ki    kl    kn    ko    ky    

kali-

prefix of the *qali, *kali- series - PAN *buli-

prefix variant of the *qali/kali- set - PAN *qaCi-

variant of the *qali/kali- prefix - PAN *qaNi-

kapok

carded kapok fibers - PWMP *paŋ-busuR

hunting bow; bow-like instrument used to card kapok fiber - PMP *busuR₂

kapok; silk-cotton tree - PWMP *kapuk

silk cotton, kapok - PAN-F *kapua

the kapok tree: Ceiba pentandra - PMP *kabu-kabu

to card kapok fibers with a bow-like instrument - PWMP *maŋ-busuR

kava: Piper methysticum

kava: Piper methysticum - *(loan)

keel

keel of a boat - PWMP *lunas

keen

zeal, ardor; industrious, keen - PWMP *giqed

keep

brood, hold a grudge, remember, keep still - PAN *demdem₁

hold up, keep aloft - PWMP *aŋkat aŋkat

keep a mistress (?) - PPH *kubut₂

keep pointing at - PMP *tuzu-tuzuq

keep quiet - PWMP *reŋkeg

keep secret, cover up - PMP *sekep

keep something to oneself; silent, secret - PWMP *hidem

keep to oneself - PPh *enep

keep to oneself; be different; alone - PCEMP *kese

to arrest the progress of something by stopping or catching it; to support, keep from falling - PWMP *saŋgaq

to brood, keep still - POC *rodrom₂

to eat, keep on eating - POC *kani kani

to fall silent; keep quiet about something; keep a secret - PPH *hipes

to hold back, keep in reserve - PWMP *taqan₂

to keep on doing something, continue in one’s ways - PPH *útas

to keep someone awake, not let them sleep - PPH *puyat-en

to wrap in a blanket to keep warm - PWMP *kumut

twitch, jerk; keep moving the lips - PWMP *kimut kimut

kept

end of tuber that is kept for planting - PEMP *upe

old, kept for a long time (as rice) - PWMP *ma-laun

place where chickens are kept - PWMP *manuk-an

small parrot or parakeet kept as a pet - PPH *kulasísi

that which is hidden or kept secret - PWMP *paŋ-buni

to become soft or overripe, as fruits that are kept too long - PPH *lúnus

what is kept in mind - PWMP *iŋat-an

kerchief

head covering, kerchief, headcloth - *(loan)

kernel

flesh; kernel - POC *kanon₂

grain, kernel - PWMP *butir

grain, kernel - PWMP *butil

kettle

kettle - *(loan)

key

key - *(loan)

kick

kick - *(loan)

to kick - PPH *maR-síkad

kidnap

to carry off, kidnap, loot a place - PWMP *maR-taban

to carry off, kidnap, loot a place - PWMP *ma-naban

kidnapped

be kidnapped or abducted - PWMP *taban-en

kidney

flower, blossom; to flower, bear flowers; yield a benefit (as interest on a loan); first-born child; cotton; vulva (refined or evasive), skin rash, prickly heat; speckled (of fish); kidneys - PMP *buŋa

fruit; areca palm and nut; grain; berry; seed; nut; endosperm of a sprouting coconut; kidney; heart; finger; calf of the leg; testicle; various insects; scar tissue; roe; bud; flower; blossom; bear fruit; words, speech, or songs; meaning, contents of discussion; numeral classifier for roundish objects; buttock; Adam's apple; nipple of the breast; button; marble; tattooing - PMP *buaq

kidney - PMP *batu₂

kill

hit, beat with hand or club in order to kill - PPH *palpál₁

kill - PMP *p-atay

kill - PWMP *pa-p-atay-an

kill - PMP *pa-p-atay

kill - PAN *pa-p-aCay

kill - PAN *pa-aCay

kill - POC *paka-mate-ia

kill - POC *mate-a

kill (?) - PAN *ka-aCay

kill; commit suicide - POC *paka-mate

kill; commit suicide (?) - PMP *pa(ka)-m-atay

killer, one who kills - PMP *pa-bunuq

stab, pierce, kill - PWMP *maR-bunuq

strike, beat; kill - POC *punuq-i

strike, beat; kill - POC *punuq-a

strike, beat; pierce; kill; extinguish (a fire) - POC *punuq₃

throw at, hit, strike with a sharp object; kill; extinguish (a fire) - PMP *bunuq₂

to kill - PWMP *maŋ-bunuq

killed

be killed - PAN *p-aCay-en

be killed; one that is killed - PWMP *bunuq-en

was killed - PWMP *p<in>atay

was killed; the one that was killed - PWMP *b<in>unuq

killer

killer, one who kills - PMP *pa-bunuq

killing

means of killing (?) - PWMP *paŋ-m-atay

mercy killing; put someone out of their misery - PWMP *hunus

place of killing or slaughtering - PWMP *bunuq-an₁

kin

formative for collateral kin - PWMP *kam- -an

nominative case marker for singular personal names or kin terms used as personal names - PAN *si₁

kin-based

hamlet; kin-based residential unit - PAN *kuan₁

kind

body hair; fur; feather; down; antenna of insect or crustacean; spikes of sea urchin; floss on plant skins, color; type, kind - PCEMP *bulu₁

body hair; fur; feather; down; floss on plant stems; color; type, kind - PMP *bulu₁

hairy; kind of hairy fruit, rambutan: Nephelium lappaceum - PWMP *bulu-an

kindle

ignite; kindle; set fire to - PPH *súlsul

kindle, light a fire, set ablaze - POC *bula₁

kind of lance

kind of lance - *(loan)

kind of spear

kind of spear - *(near)

kingfish

Spanish mackerel, kingfish: Scomberomorini spp. - PMP *taŋiRi

Spanish mackerel, kingfish: Scomberomorus spp. - PWMP *taŋgiRi

kingfisher

a bird, the kingfisher - PWMP *bakaka

a bird: the kingfisher - PPh *balisúsu

kingfisher - POC *siko₂

kingfisher sp. - PWMP *salaksak

kingfisher sp. - PWMP *binti₁

kingfisher, Halcyon spp. - POC *kiki₁

kingfisher: Halcyon spp. - PMP *sikek

kinship

co-parent-in-law, the kinship tie between the parents of a married couple - PWMP *baisan

kinsman

elder kinsman - *(noise)

kinsman, relative (undefined) - POC *tuRaŋ

kinsman, relative (undefined) - PMP *tuRaŋ

kiss

kiss - PWMP *ema₂

smell, sniff, kiss - PEMP *ajek

smell, sniff, kiss - PMP *hajek

to kiss - PPH *umah

to kiss - PPh *hajek-an

to kiss someone - PPH *umah-an

to sniff, kiss - PWMP *meŋ-hajek

to sniff, kiss - POC *acok

kite

kite - *(loan)

kite (type)

kite (type) - *(loan)

kitten

cat, kitten - PWMP *kutiŋ

Kleinhovia

a plant: Kleinhovia hospita - POC *pau

knapsack

knapsack, bag used when on journeys - PWMP *buntil

knead

knead, mix together - PMP *quli

knead, squeeze - POC *mo(nñ)o

pinch, squeeze; knead - PAN *pisel

squeeze, knead - PAN *Rames

to press, knead - POC *lomiq

to press, knead - PMP *lemiq₂

knee

elbow, knee; joint, node - POC *pwatu

knee - POC *lutur

knee - POC *tur

knee - PMP *tuhud

knee - PAN *tuduS

knee - PCEMP *turu₁

knee - PMP *qulu tuhud₂

knee - PAN *qaleb

knee - PWMP *eleb

up to the knees - PPH *taRa-tuhud

kneecap

kneecap - PMP *qulu tuhud₁

kneel

to kneel - PPH *l<um>uhúd

kneeling

act of kneeling - PPH *luhúd

knife

blade of a knife - PWMP *mata nu pisaw

blade, cutting edge of knife, etc. - PPH *ŋarab

bush knife, machete - PPh *eták

cut off with a knife - POC *tapa

cut with a knife - PMP *taba₃

eye, face, focal point, center or most prominent part; hole, aperture; doorway, window; budding part of plant; ‘eye’ of coconut; knot in wood; sun; core of a boil; blade of a knife; to awaken; operculum of a snail; mesh of a net; eye of a needle; noose of a trap; hearth; direction of the wind; head of a river; spring, source; lid, cover - PMP *mata

flesh (of humans, animals, fruits, tubers); contents; blade of a knife; inhabitants, residents - PAN *isi₅

handle of a knife or sword - PWMP *daŋanan

hilt of knife or bolo; to support - PWMP *saŋga

kind of knife or machete - PMP *pisaw

kind of large knife - PAN-F *tadaw

knife - *(noise)

machete, bush knife - *(loan)

reaping knife; to reap grain - PWMP *ketep₂

sheath for bolo or knife - PPH *kaluban

small hand knife for harvesting rice - PPH *yátab

small knife - PAN-F *RabiS

tang of a knife, etc. - PMP *utiŋ

whittle, shave wood with knife - PPH *káyas

knob

bump, knob - PWMP *buŋkul-en

knob on the head of a club - POC *waka

knock

jump repeatedly; knock or fillip repeatedly - POC *pitik-pitik

knock - PMP *katuk

knock against, collide with, beat up - PWMP *bugbug

knock against, of body parts - PMP *ga(n)tuk

knock anything hollow so as to extract what is inside - PWMP *tuŋtuŋ₁

knock lightly - PWMP *ŋ-etek

knock on the head; crazy, insane - PPH *katúk

knock or bump the head - PMP *t<um>ugtug

knock or bump the head - PAN *C<um>ugCug

knock or bump the head - PMP *tugtug₁

knock or bump the head - PAN *CugCug₂

knock someone or something with the elbow - PMP *pa-siku

knock two things together with a clicking sound - PPH *sintík

knock, pound on - PWMP *getuk

knock, pound, as with a hammer - PWMP *tabak₁

knock, pound, beat - POC *rabuk

knock, pound, beat - PMP *rambuk

knock, pound, beat - PWMP *tugtug

knock, pound, beat - PMP *ra(m)buk

knock, pound, beat - PMP *lambuk

knock, pound, beat - PMP *tegteg

knock, pound, beat - POC *putuk

knock, pound, beat - PMP *butuk

knock, pound, beat - *-Cuk (or *-Cuquk?) (root)

knock, pound, beat - *-tuk₂ (or *-tuquk?) (root)

knock, pound, thud - PMP *etuk

knock; pop, burst - PWMP *pe(R)tak

pick or knock down fruit with a pole - PMP *su(ŋ)kit

rest the foot on; touch or knock with the foot - PMP *sakil

sound of a knock - PMP *tuk

thing used to knock or pound - PWMP *p<um>ekpek

to hack, chop off, trim with a bolo; pound, beat, knock on - PWMP *tabtab₁

to knock on something, play a musical instrument - PPH *tugtug-én

to knock, pound - PWMP *kutuk₂

to knock, pound - PMP *ketuk

to knock, pound, beat - PWMP *ma-nuktuk

to knock, pound, beat - POC *tutuk₂

to knock, pound, beat; crush - PAN *tuktuk₃

to knock, strike against - PAN *pa(n)tuk₂

to prod or knock with the elbow - PWMP *maka-siku

to prod or knock with the elbow - PWMP *ka-siku

to rap, knock, make a booming sound - PAN *tekuŋ₂

knocked

to be jolted or knocked around on a rough ride - PPH *tagtag

knocking

clicking or light knocking sound - *-tek₁ (root)

popping or knocking sound - PWMP *lagetuk

sound of cracking, splitting, knocking - *-tak₂ (or *-taqak?) (root)

sound of knocking - PWMP *hagetuk

sound of knocking or bubbling - PPH *p<aR>ukpuk

sound of light knocking - PWMP *etek

sound of pounding or knocking - POC *pupuk₁

to fall, of many things at once; to dislodge the contents of a container by knocking it against something - PAN *taktak₁

to tick, make a ticking or light knocking sound - PMP *kitik₂

knoll

small hill, knoll - PMP *buntu buntu

small hill, knoll - POC *puntu

small hill, knoll - PMP *buntu

small hill, knoll - POC *putul putul

small hill, knoll - PMP *buntul buntul

small hill, knoll - POC *putul₁

small hill, knoll - PMP *buntul

small hill, knoll - POC *putur

small hill, knoll - PMP *buntud

knot

eye, face, focal point, center or most prominent part; hole, aperture; doorway, window; budding part of plant; ‘eye’ of coconut; knot in wood; sun; core of a boil; blade of a knife; to awaken; operculum of a snail; mesh of a net; eye of a needle; noose of a trap; hearth; direction of the wind; head of a river; spring, source; lid, cover - PMP *mata

hard seed; burl, knot in wood - PMP *butequl

knot in wood - PMP *mata nu kahiw

knot, lump - PPh *buk(e)núl

knotty, full of knots or nodes - PPh *ma-buku

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope - PMP *bukuh

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris - POC *buku

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris - PCEMP *buku

tie a knot - *(noise)

knotty

knotty, full of knots or nodes - PPh *ma-buku

know

I don't know - *(noise)

I don't know! - PWMP *away₃

know - *(noise)

know, understand - PAN *ma-bajaq

know, understand - PAN *ka-bajaq

know, understand; ask, inquire - PAN *bajaq₁

see (abstract things), foresee, know - PWMP *ila₂

to know - PMP *taqu-an

to know (a person), recognize, be acquainted with; to feel, perceive - PAN *kilala

to know how, be able to, be skilled at - PMP *taqu₂

to know how, be able to, be skilled at - PAN *Caqu

knowing

skilled, knowing how (to do something) - PWMP *ka-taqu-an

knowledge

ability, skill, knowledge how to do something - PWMP *ka-taqu₁

give knowledge, teach - PAN *pa-bajaq

knowledge - *(noise)

knowledge, skill, intelligence - PPH *dunuŋ

knowledgeable

learned knowledgeable - *(loan)

to be capable, able, knowledgeable - PMP *ma-taqu₁

to be capable, able, knowledgeable - PAN *ma-Caqu

knuckle

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope - PMP *bukuh

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris - POC *buku

node (as in bamboo or sugarcane); joint; knuckle; knot in wood; knot in string or rope; Mons veneris - PCEMP *buku

node, joint; knuckle; swelling under the skin - POC *buku-buku

ko

k.o. small basket with a handle - PWMP *bakaq-bakaq

k.o. small fish - PMP *teRi

Kyphosus

a sea fish, the rudderfish: Kyphosus cinerascens - PPH *hilek