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References+ Roots Loans Near Noise Formosan

Updated: 6/21/2020

Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

Roots

b c C d g h k l m n N ñ ŋ p r R s t w z

*-p

-paD -pag -pak₂ -pap -paq -pas -pak₁ (or *-paqak?) -peg -pek (or *-peqek?) -pel -peŋ -pes -pet -pi -pid -pik (or *-piqik?) -pil -pi(q) -pis₁ -pis₂ -pit -puk₁ -puk₂ -puk₃ -pul -pun -puŋ₁ -puŋ₂ -puq -pus₁ -pus₂ -put

30034

*-paD flat, level

PMP	*da(m)paD	flat, level
PWMP	*sapaD	flat, of things that are expected to be more rounded
Aklanon	lapád	small flat-sided bottle; hit with the broad side of a bolo
Malay	papar	flat, smooth, blunt; back of blade (in contrast to edge) (Also Madurese parpar 'to flatten' (Nothofer 1975:200))

30035

*-pag strike, beat

PWMP	*pagpág	beat to remove dust
Ifugaw	hípag	blow in general, but not with a weapon (e.g. a stick); mostly used of blows with one's fist
Balinese	lempag	strike, hit with something
Ilokano	pampág	beat, strike repeatedly (rugs, etc.) either with the hand or with an instrument
Kelabit	pepag	slap
Isneg	rappág	to slap, to buffet
Ifugaw	tolpág	hit somebody or something accidentally

Also Balinese sepeg 'chop violently at, hew'.

30037

*-pak₂ break, crack, split

PWMP	*cepak	crack, split, break
PWMP	*empak	split, break off
PWMP	*ipak	split
PWMP	*lu(m)pak	break, split off
PMP	*sa(m)pak	crack, split, break
PWMP	*si(m)pak	split
Balinese	empak	break, break off of itself (e.g. a branch)
Karo Batak	gupak	large cleaver with a blunt end
Chamorro	hamafak	fragile, brittle, easily broken
Kadazan Dusun	hapak	crack, split
Kadazan Dusun	himpak	to split (intr.)
Cebuano	hupák	develop a crack such that the separated pieces are no longer in contact (Also Tiruray ufak 'split lengthwise')
Cebuano	ipák	split, break a piece of something hard
Ilokano	leppák	separate at the joints (bones, roasted chickens, palm spines, etc.)
Cebuano	lipák	cut bamboo into slats
Ngaju Dayak	rapak	what is broken or torn off (branches of trees, etc.)
Bontok	təmpák	split a section off, of wood or stone, as in order to lighten a load
Maranao	tipak	break or chip off
Ifugaw	tumpák	breaking of anything that can be broken and can no longer be used
Toba Batak	ulpak	hit, hew, chop
Bontok	ʔapák	split or divided, as a forked stick or a tree with a divided trunk

30038

*-pap flattened

PWMP	*lepap	flattened
Balinese	apap	level, flat, even
Ilokano	duŋpáp	flattened, crushed, as a hat
Ilokano	lugpáp	flat, flattened
Ilokano	pappáp	short, flat (said of the nose)
Malay	tempap	bringing down the flat of the hand on anything; hand's breadth
Ilokano	tumpáp	flat end, e.g. the bottom of a glass

30039

*-paq chew

PAN	*paqpaq	chew
PWMP	*sepaq	chew
PWMP	*sipaq	chew
Javanese	kepah	a chewed piece of sugarcane
Kayan	pa	chew
Maranao	papaʔ	bite, chew
Bikol	upaʔ	the pulpy residue remaining after chewing something to remove the juices

30040

*-pas tear or rip off

PWMP	*kupas	come off in thin layers, desquamate
PWMP	*lepas	come loose, free
PCEMP	*lupas	loosen, remove, untie
PWMP	*paspas	remove, take off
PWMP	*Ra(m)pas	tear off
PWMP	*ta(m)pas	cut or strip off
Buruese	hufa-h	take off, remove, untie, release
Arosi	iha	to unwrap, as food cooked in leaves
Wolio	lapa	escape, get away, get loose, be acquitted
Kadazan Dusun	upas	to peel betel nut

30036

*-pak₁ (or *-paqak?) slap, clap

PMP	*ca(m)pak	smack
PMP	*da(R)pak	sound of clapping or slapping
PMP	*depak	clip-clop, as of horse's hooves
PWMP	*dupak	stamp, trample
PMP	*kapak	beat the wings
PWMP	*kipak	flap the wings
PWMP	*la(R)pak	sound of clapping or slapping
PWMP	*lepak	thud
PWMP	*pak	crack, clap!
PAN	*pakpak	clap the hands, beat the wings
PWMP	*ripak	loud clap
PMP	*rumpak	thud, strike against
PAN	*tampak	slap
PMP	*tepak	slap or beat with the hand
PWMP	*tipak	slap; sound of slapping or clapping
Manggarai	dumpak	run aground, collide with
Bontok	duspak	slap someone's face with the open palm
Javanese	grapak	a branch snapping
Cebuano	gúpak	applause; croaking of frogs, flapping of wings, clacking of wooden slippers
Cebuano	hagpák	slam with a loud bang
Hanunóo	hampák	hit, strike; beating (Also Hiligaynon hámpak 'beat, whip, whack')
Old Javanese	ipak	to lap, splash, wash (waves)
Bare'e	japa	sound of loud chewing or smacking of the lips
Bare'e	jipa	clack the tongue as a sign of recalcitrance or reluctance
Dairi-Pakpak Batak	kurpak	clap the hands
Bikol	lagapák	sound of a dull smack, a slamming door (Also Cebuano lugápak 'slapping, cracking sound')
Kankanaey	lipáak	clash, clang, crash (Also Pangasinan lipák 'sound produced when the hands are clapped', Ilokano lipák 'sound of spittle falling, of a slap with the hand, etc.')
Maranao	lopak	club, whip, hit, knock
Dairi-Pakpak Batak	pukpak	sound of many knives cutting at once
Karo Batak	sépak	kick with the sole of the foot
Kankanaey	sudpák	slap in the face; box the ears
Bontok	tadpak	to slap
Kankanaey	tampák	slap in the face; box the ears
Ilokano	tupák	sound of soft object falling
Bikol	upák	to applaud, clap for

30041

*-peg hit, beat

PWMP	*pegpeg	to box, give a blow
Maranao	parpeg	hit, beat
Javanese	peg	sound of a hard blow on the side of the head, as when one's ears are boxed
Balinese	sepeg	chop violently at, hew
Javanese	tampeg	slap in the face

30042

*-pek (or *-peqek?) decay, crumble; sound of breaking; powder

PAN	*pekpek	beat, hit
PMP	*repek	brittle, friable; to crumble
PWMP	*upek	crumble; piece broken off
Amis	apek	powder, flour
Nggela	gapo-gapo	spread the wings; flap, flutter
Maranao	gopek	break, crush
Old Javanese	keḍepek	thudding or bumping noise
Ngaju Dayak	kepek	flap the wings
Old Javanese	kerepek	sound of cracking
Kankanaey	kippék	snap, clack (as a cane that breaks)
Kankanaey	lipéek	crack, snap (Also Casiguran Dumagat lipək-lipək 'sound of rain hitting the ground, feet of galloping horse')
Maranao	lopapek	dust
Manggarai	ŋgapek	sound of the mouth while eating
Karo Batak	rampek	crisp, easily breakable
Old Javanese	rimpek	broken, broken up; out of joint, smashed
Dairi-Pakpak Batak	sempek	break off (sugarcane, etc.) close to the ground so as to produce the sound n/pek/u
Toba Batak	silpok	broken up, shattered
Nggela	tapo	slap, clap
Balinese	tepek	slap with the flat hand
Toba Batak	tilpok	break up, shatter
Ilokano	topék	crush, reduce to fine particles

30043

*-pel plug, stopper; to cram

PWMP	*pelpel	to fill, cram full
PWMP	*sumpel	stopper, plug
PMP	*tampel	to patch, plaster over
Sundanese	dumpel	plug (a hole), fill up with something
Balinese	empel	dam a stream, make a fishpond
Ilokano	ispél	obstructed by food; experiencing difficulty in getting the food down the throat
Toba Batak	sompol	to cork, plug up
Javanese	umpel	sticking close to each other; jammed together, as passengers in a bus

30044

*-peŋ plug up, dam; cover

PMP	*e(m)peŋ	plug up, dam
Maranao	ampeŋ	cover, protect
Maranao	dapeŋ	cover
Malay	impaŋ	fish-weir or dammed fish-pond
Sika	lepeŋ	close
Maranao	sampeŋ	cover, lid
Maranao	sapeŋ	cover
Malagasy	tampina	stopped, corked, plugged
Maloh	umpaŋ	dam, barrage

30045

*-pes empty, deflated

PMP	*i(m)pes	deflate; subside (of a swelling)
PWMP	*ke(m)pes	deflate
PMP	*ki(m)pes	shrunken, shrink
PMP	*pes	sound of escaping air, etc.
PWMP	*pespes	squeeze, press out
Ilokano	eppés	empty (ears of grain, words, etc.); reduce, subside, unswell
Manggarai	gimpes	sunken (cheeks), shrunken
Manggarai	gipes	shrunken (because of crushing pressure)
Kambera	kapíhu	flatus; break wind
Puyuma	mutpes	deflated (balloon, belly of dead animal)

30046

*-pet plugged, stopped, closed off

PWMP	*ampet	check, stanch, stop the flow
PWMP	*pampet	stop flowing
PMP	*petpet	sealed, leak-proof
PMP	*sepet	obstructed, of the flow of water
PMP	*simpet	close, plug, shut off
Javanese	cumpet	closed firmly
Javanese	ḍapet	tightly closed
Balinese	empet	close off, pinch, stuff full, obstruct, shut, lock
Sasak	impet	close, shut
Palauan	káud	dam; end of menstruation
Malay	kelepat	caulking, closing a vessel's seams
Manggarai	kepet	bind a wound; to dam, block up water
Manggarai	képet	cover with the two hands (genitals, flowing water), block, close off
Isneg	lappát	stopper. Anything which stops, fills up, closes, shuts
Paiwan	lʸupetj	plug, stopper
Javanese	pumpet	clogged, stopped up
Javanese	rapet	tightly closed up (as a bottle)
Sasak	rempet	block, obstruct (as a path)
Sasak	ripet	close; tight, "hermetically sealed"
Balinese	sampet	block up (a hole), stop the flow of water
Balinese	sumpet	stopper, cork

30047

*-pi dream

PWMP	*ipi	dream
PMP	*nipi	dream
PWMP	*nupi	dream
Wuvulu	mefi	dream
Paiwan	sepi	dream

30048

*-pid braid, wind together

PAN	*qapid	braid
PWMP	*salapid	braid
Kelabit	belipid	intertwining
Kelabit	epid	braid
Puyuma	Hupiz	plait rattan or bamboo (Also Amis ʔopir 'braid of hair or rope')
Kankanaey	ípid	thatch wall
Maranao	lampid	entangle
Sundanese	rampid	wind thread around a spool (in spinning)
Cebuano	sulápid	braid, plait

30049

*-pik (or *-piqik?) pat, light slap

PWMP	*ampik	pat, clap
PMP	*gepik	sound of light smacking
PMP	*lepik	snap, break off (twigs, etc.)
PWMP	*pik	click
PAN	*pikpik	pat, tap
PWMP	*Repik	break to pieces (something brittle)
PMP	*ta(m)pik	slap, pat lightly
PWMP	*tepik	light slap
Cebuano	hagpík	slap someone fairly hard on the shoulders
Malay	kelepék	flip-flop; repeated flips
Sika	kepik	wing, fin
Kankanaey	kippík	to snap, crack (as a breaking twig)
Maranao	latpik	crackling sound
Kankanaey	lipíik	to crack
Kankanaey	pikípik	to drop, trickle, leak, drip, dribble
Fijian	sabi	slap or hit with the open hand, not so strong as saba-ka
Tongan	sipi	smack, slap, hit with the palm of the hand
Bontok	tadpík	slap lightly, usually with the flat of the palm

30050

*-pil attach, join

PMP	*ha(m)pil	go together
PWMP	*tampil	attach, connect, join
Cebuano	apíl	be included
Malay	dampil	touching one another (of contact, in contrast to mere proximity)
Karo Batak	gumpil	form a cluster; a swarm of bees, etc.
Karo Batak	rumpil	romp with one another
Cebuano	tumpíl	pile something, usually neatly, on top of something else
Karo Batak	umpil	do something together, with concerted action

30051

*-pi(q) fold

PWMP	*gepi(q)	fold, folded
PWMP	*kepiq	fold, folded
PMP	*lepi(q)	fold, hem
PWMP	*repi	fold, turn back
Kadazan Dusun	h-in-upi	hem .
Tagalog	kupíʔ	folded, doubled (< *-picii)
Tboli	lafiʔ	fold up (< *-pi)
Kankanaey	lokpí	fold, fold up
Manobo (Western Bukidnon)	lumpi	fold up something (< *-pi)
Balinese	tampih	fold, fold up, put in layers (< *-piq)
Fijian	tibi	bend sharply, fold clothes; plait
Bontok	tupí	hem a dress, fold
Tagalog	tupíʔ	fold, plait (< *-pici)
Amis	ʔpi	hem (< *-pi)

30052

*-pis₁ deflate; empty

PWMP	*e(m)pis	empty rice husk
PMP	*ke(m)pis	shrunken, deflated
PWMP	*pis	hiss
Kankanaey	apípis	lessen, reduce, diminish
Ngaju Dayak	apis	hollow, empty grains (of rice)
Karo Batak	gempis	empty, flat
Maranao	kimpis	shrivel
Tagalog	kumpís	deflated (reduced from swelling or bulge) (< *-pes?)
Isneg	lappít	empty heads of rice
Tagalog	umpís	deflated (said of balloons and air-filled sacs) (< *-pes?)

30053

*-pis₂ thin, of materials

PWMP	*hiŋ(e)pis	thin (of materials)
PWMP	*la(m)pis	flat layer
PAN	*Nipis	thin (of materials)
PWMP	*pispis	pound fine
PWMP	*Rampis	thin, thin layer
PWMP	*taRpis	thinness, fineness of texture
Manggarai	dempis	thin and flat
Kadazan Dusun	dipis	thin
Kavalan	impis	thin
Amis	kohpic	thin (opp. thick)
Kelabit	lipi	thin
Iban	lupis	slender, thin; make slender
Paiwan (Western)	ƚusepit	thin (as paper), thin, as person
Selaru	mepis	thin
Tetun	mihis	thin, slender
Bare'e	sampi	become thin or narrow
Sangir	sipiʔ	thin
Ivatan	taripis	thin (objects)
Hiligaynon	yágpis	lanky, thin

30054

*-pit press, squeeze together; narrow

PWMP	*cupit	narrow
PWMP	*diq(e)pit	join, fasten together, probably lengthwise
PMP	*ga(m)pit	hold together
PMP	*gepit	pinch, press together
PWMP	*gu(m)pit	pinch together
PWMP	*he(m)pit	press between two surfaces
PWMP	*higpít	pinch or squeeze between two surfaces
PMP	*ka(m)pit	fasten thatch with slats; hold together
PAN	*ke(m)pit	hold together, clamp
PWMP	*ki(m)pit	press together
PAN	*kupit	press together
PMP	*le(m)pit	fold
PMP	*li(m)pit	press between two flat surfaces
PWMP	*lupit	press between two flat surfaces
PMP	*pitpit	pinch
PMP	*qi(m)pit	jammed, wedged close together
PWMP	*rupit	narrow
PAN	*Sa(m)pit	hold together
PWMP	*se(m)pit	tight, narrow
PPh	*sigpít	tongs, clips, pincers
PMP	*sipit	squeeze, pinch, narrow
PWMP	*su(m)pit	narrow; tongs
PWMP	*zapit	pinch, press
PMP	*zumpit	pinch, squeeze
Kankanaey	agpít	carry under (one's arm, etc.)
Kankanaey	alípit	carry under (one's arm, etc.)
Malay	capit	pincers
Ilokano	daípit	to crowd, throng; press, stick together
Malay	dempit	pressed together; in contact
Maranao	gimpit	press, crush (also Tagalog gipít 'wanting or lacking in space')
Kambera	haŋgápitu	tongs
Malay	jepit	to nip, catch between pincers
Javanese	jimpit	a pinch
Kambera	júmbitu	pinch
Ifugaw	kuhípit	narrowness of things
Hiligaynon	lágpit	rat trap
Sasak	lapit	insert between two other things
Malay	men-cepit	to nip
Kambera	ŋápitu	to clip, pinch
Manggarai	ŋgepit	pincers; to nip, catch between pincers
Wolio	opi	hold tightly, push to, clutch
Ilokano	ópit	compress, compact, consolidate, harden, press
Malay	pen-cepit	pincers
KADAYAN	pihit	pinch
Bontok	pipʔit	be crowded, have no room
Kambera	ripitu	take between the fingers, pinch, pluck
Javanese	sapit	tongs, pincers
Casiguran Dumagat	səlpet	pincers, tongs, clothespin; to pinch (as finger in door)
Balinese	sripit	narrow (road)
Hanunóo	tipít	clamps, holders, as used to fasten house walls down
Ifugaw	ukpít	hold by pressing something between the knees, between the elbow (or the upper arm) and the side of the body
Gorontalo	wepito	narrow
Bikol	yaʔpít	narrow (as a passage), tight (as clothes)
Amis	ʔalapit	tweezers, chopsticks

30055

*-puk₁ throb, thud, clap, break

PMP	*cepuk	dull sound
PMP	*depuk	snap, crack
PMP	*gepuk	beat, break to pieces
PMP	*kepuk	beat, crunch, break
PWMP	*lepuk	fall with a thud
PWMP	*lipuk	snap, crack
PWMP	*puk	bang!
PAN	*pukpuk	beat (with a hammer, etc.)
PMP	*rupuk	sound of breaking, cracking
PWMP	*sa(m)puk	collide, bump into
PWMP	*sempuk	bump into
PWMP	*ta(m)puk	clap, thud
PMP	*te(m)puk	sound of clapping, cracking, breaking
PWMP	*ti(m)puk	clap, clack
Manggarai	cépuk	sound of rapping, tapping, breaking
Sasak	empok	burst, pop; burst out, explode
Karo Batak	gupuk	come to blows
Manggarai	japuk	crunch, chew noisily
Manggarai	jipuk	sound of pig when eating
Old Javanese	kerepuk	sound of clashing, clanging, clattering
Karo Batak	nampuk	fall down, of ripe fruits, as the durian
Manggarai	ŋgapok	sound of a slap
Manggarai	ŋgapuk	sound of chewing
Manggarai	rapok	to slap
Manggarai	rempuk	breaking easily (of wood), brittle
Manggarai	repok	sound of a slap
Manggarai	repuk	sound of wood, bone, etc. breaking
Manggarai	rimpuk	to break (tubers, etc.)
Dairi-Pakpak Batak	selpuk	snap or break in the middle (as young bamboo stalks)
Maranao	simpok	touch lightly, hit lightly
Paiwan	tsupuk	hit with a club
Teluti	ufuk	flap (as wings), clap

30056

*-puk₂ dust

PMP	*apuk	dust, sawdust
Tagalog	gapók	rotten inside, hollowed out by weevils or termites or the like (said of wood)
Ifugaw	húpuk	dust, sand
Bimanese	numpu	pulverize
Pangasinan	pokpók	shake off dust
Bare'e	rupu	grit, crumbs, dust
Pangasinan	sapók	atom; fine dust carried by the wind
Balinese	sepuk	dust
Bontok	tápuk	dust in the air

30057

*-puk₃ gather, flock together

PWMP	*tumpuk	heap, mound
Arosi	ahu	flock together
Bunun	isʔampuk	gathering; assembly
Malay	kelompok	cluster, group
Buruese	lupu-k	meet, come together
Ifugaw	pukúpuk	make a small heap by pouring out pounded rice, beans, peas or the like
Tiruray	simfuk	gathered into a group
Ilokano	tarapók	gather, assemble, come together, flock together, associate
Javanese	tempuk	flow together, join
Dairi-Pakpak Batak	terpuk	cluster, group
Javanese	umpuk	(to heap) in a pile

30058

*-pul blunt, dull

PMP	*de(m)pul	blunt, dull
PMP	*dumpul	blunt, dull
PPh	*pulpul	blunt
PMP	*tumpul	blunt, dull
Malay (Jakarta)	kumpul	blunt
Tiruray	temful	dull, not sharp
Makassarese	tippuluʔ	dull, blunt

30059

*-pun assemble, collect, gather

PWMP	*punpun	assemble, gather
PMP	*qi(m)pun	collect, gather
PWMP	*rempun	gather together
PWMP	*ri(m)pun	collect, gather
PWMP	*rumpun	cluster, clump
PWMP	*sipun	gather, collect
PWMP	*ti(m)pun	collect, gather
PWMP	*u(m)pun	swarm together
Ilokano	appón	aggregate, collection
Manobo (Western Bukidnon)	hurapun	alight in a flock (birds)
Mongondow	kapun	meet, assemble
Buruese	lupu-k	assemble
Casiguran Dumagat	paluŋpun	stack up rice stalks after harvesting
Isneg	rápon	a large group
Kavalan	sapun	gather, collect
Kankanaey	sugpún	put their money together; enter, get into partnership with somebody
Sangir	tampuŋ	gather, collect, assemble ( < *-puŋ₁?)
Kavalan	tapun	together
Ngadha	tupu	crowd together in masses, gather, assemble, collect

30060

*-puŋ₁ bunch, cluster

PMP	*kampuŋ	assembly, meeting
PMP	*puŋpuŋ	gather, collect
PAN	*qupuŋ	bunch, cluster
PMP	*rimpuŋ	tie the feet together
PWMP	*tampuŋ	collect, gather
Balinese	ampuŋ	harvest rice
Hiligaynon	húgpuŋ	bundle, bouquet
Malay	rempoŋ	bunch; make into a bunch
Manobo (Western Bukidnon)	rupuŋ	hand of bananas
Ilokano	tarapóŋ	join, come together, unite, gather, assemble
Toba Batak	tupuŋ	a rolled-up leaf; gather, assemble

30061

*-puŋ₂ to float

PMP	*apuŋ	to float
PWMP	*gampuŋ	to float
Kelabit	l-em-upuŋ	to float
Yami (Iranomilek)	lepoŋ lepoŋ	floating
Kelabit	lupuŋ	a float
Malay	pelampoŋ	floating mark; float of line or net; impromptu raft
Malay	ter-kapoŋ kapoŋ	bobbing up and down on the surface of water, as driftwood or a floating leaf

30062

*-puq brittle

Maranao	gepoʔ	break, as of branches or twigs of plants
Cebuano	hágpuʔ	for a line or rope to break under tension
Manggarai	mepu	brittle, fragile; decayed
Malay	rapoh	brittle, fragile, easily broken up (of wood attacked by dry rot or iron corroded by rust)
Bikol	tapóʔ	brittle (as dry twigs)

30063

*-pus₁ end, finish

PWMP	*epus	complete, finish
PMP	*kempus	come to an end
PWMP	*la(m)pus	gone, vanished, terminated
PMP	*mampus	gone, used up
PMP	*puspus	completely, to the finish
PMP	*qa(m)pus	terminate, reach the end
PWMP	*tapus	end, finish
PWMP	*te(m)pus	end, conclude
PMP	*tu(m)pus	to complete, finish
Kankanaey	dokpús	finish, complete, terminate, end; to perfect
Rembong	dupus	finish
Tagalog	gipós	reduced to a stub; extinguished
Hiligaynon	hiŋapús	to end, finish, complete, terminate
Kambera	hupu	end, finish
Maranao	ipos	done with, gone away (Also Tiruray ifus 'to complete a contract, agreement or period of time')
Lakalai	kaluvu	come to an end; finished
Hanunóo	kapús	end, last (in time). kapús-an youngest child
Kankanaey	kipús	quickly exhausted; up in a short time
Kankanaey	kudpús	up; consumed, wasted, finished
Isneg	laŋpút	finish, complete
Iban	lempus	over, finished
Kankanaey	luŋpús	finished, completed, ended, finished off; perfected
Manggarai	mempos	stump, fag-end of anything
Kankanaey	ŋopús	brand; piece of wood whose largest part has been burnt
Wolio	ropu	finish off, take all for oneself
Iban	rupus	all over, completely
Buruese	sepu	finished, completed, done, exhausted
Ilokano	talipupús	to do, etc. completely, entirely, utterly (extinguishing a debt, a lineage by death, buying up a crop; devastating a whole village, etc.)
Maranao	timpos	act through to the finish, endure
Kankanaey	toŋpús	finished, completed, terminated, ended, concluded
Ilokano	torpús	finish, conclude, end, close, terminate
Mongondow	uput	end; to complete

30064

*-pus₂ sound of escaping air

PWMP	*lepus	to puff, blow into
PMP	*pus	hiss
Malay	dempus	puff in one's sleep
Malay	depus	the sound of a rush of air through a narrow opening, e.g. from bellows
Malay	empus	to blow
Javanese	kepus	blow on, exhale strongly
Kankanaey	kippús	break wind noiselessly

30065

*-put puff (O)

PMP	*puput	blow
PMP	*put	puffing sound
PWMP	*se(m)put	blowpipe, shoot with a blowpipe
POc	*upu	blow with the mouth
Kenyah	kaliput	blowpipe
Ilokano	lípot	repeated sound of breaking wind
Nggela	lovulovu	to puff
Javanese	sruput	sipping or sucking sounds
Cebuano	sulpút	issue forth suddenly, pop out of

b c C d g h k l m n N ñ ŋ p r R s t w z

Austronesian Comparative Dictionary, web edition
Robert Blust and Stephen Trussel
www.trussel2.com/ACD
2010: revision 6/21/2020
email: Blust (content) – Trussel (production)
Roots-Index-p