 | Introduction Index to Sets Cognate Sets Finderlist Subgroups Languages Words Proto-form indexes References+ Roots Loans Near Noise Formosan |
Updated: 6/21/2020 |
Austronesian Comparative Dictionary
Proto-form indexes: combined
(click on a *proto-form for its cognate set)
| PAN 1772 | PMP 3748 | PWMP 7368 | PPH 1973 | PCEMP 2987 | PCMP 2160 | PEMP 1780 | PSHWNG 431 | POC 2636 | combined 24855 |
a a b c C d e g h i i j k l L l m n N ñ ŋ o p q r R s S t u u w y z
|
*a- POC adjectival prefix 2612 *a POC ligature 11881 *-a₁ PAN imperative suffix 383 *-a₁ PMP imperative suffix 383 *-a₁ PWMP imperative suffix 383 *-a₁ PCEMP imperative suffix 383 *-a₁ PEMP imperative suffix 383 *-a₁ POC imperative suffix 383 *-a₂ PMP 3sg. object 384 *-a₂ PWMP 3sg. object 384 *-a₂ PCEMP 3sg. object 384 *-a₂ PEMP 3sg. object 384 *-a₂ POC 3sg. object 384 *-a₃ PAN subjunctive suffix 387 *-a₃ PMP subjunctive suffix 387 *-a₃ PWMP subjunctive suffix 387 *a₁ PMP article 378 *a₁ PWMP article 378 *a₁ PCEMP article 378 *a₁ PEMP article 378 *a₁ POC article 378 *a₂ PMP conjunction: and 379 *a₂ PWMP conjunction: and 379 *a₂ PCEMP conjunction: and 379 *a₂ PEMP conjunction: and 379 *a₂ POC conjunction: and 379 *a₃ PMP exclamation, interjection 380 *a₃ PWMP exclamation, interjection 380 *a₃ PCEMP exclamation, interjection 380 *a₃ PCMP exclamation, interjection 380 *a₃ PEMP exclamation, interjection 380 *a₃ POC exclamation, interjection 380 *a₄ PAN hesitation particle 381 *a₄ PMP hesitation particle 381 *a₄ PWMP hesitation particle 381 *a₄ PCEMP hesitation particle 381 *a₄ PCMP hesitation particle 381 *a₄ PEMP hesitation particle 381 *a₄ POC hesitation particle 381 *a₅ PAN ligature 382 *a₅ PMP ligature 382 *a₅ PWMP ligature 382 *a₅ PCEMP ligature 382 *a₅ PEMP ligature 382 *a₅ POC ligature 382 *a-anak-an PWMP doll 185 *aba₁ PAN father 10 *aba₁ PMP father 10 *aba₁ PWMP father 10 *aba₁ PCEMP father 10 *aba₁ PCMP father 10 *aba₂ PPh carry pick-a-back 9 *abag PPh join forces, cooperate in working 1 *ambak PMP stamp or smack against 153 *ambak PWMP stamp or smack against 153 *ambak PCEMP stamp or smack against 153 *ambak PCMP stamp or smack against 153 *abaká PPh Manila hemp: Musa textilis 2 *abal abal PPh beetle sp. 3 *abaŋ₁ PMP ambush, block the way; obstacle, hindrance 11 *abaŋ₁ PWMP ambush, block the way; obstacle, hindrance 11 *abaŋ₁ PCEMP ambush, block the way; obstacle, hindrance 11 *abaŋ₁ PCMP ambush, block the way; obstacle, hindrance 11 *abaŋ₂ PWMP ditch 12 *abaŋ₃ PWMP rent 14 *abat₁ PWMP give a supporting hand 4 *abat₂ PPh spirit that causes sickness 5 *abat₃ PCEMP wound, to wound 6 *abat₃ PCMP wound, to wound 6 *abat₃ PEMP wound, to wound 6 *abat₃ PSHWNG wound, to wound 6 *abat₄ PPH to extract from body (as sliver, or imagined cause of illness in shamanic practice) 12837 *abaw PMP high, lofty 7 *abaw PWMP high, lofty 7 *abaw PCEMP high, lofty 7 *abaw PEMP high, lofty 7 *ambawaŋ PWMP wild mango 11833 *abay PPH side by side 8 *ambay PWMP wave back and forth 154 *abá PWMP exclamation: ah!, oh!, alas! 24 *abála PPH to bother, disturb, annoy or inconvenience someone 11491 *a(m)bek PWMP mat 410 *amben PWMP belly strap 155 *ambet PWMP strap; something wrapped around 156 *abi POC take hold of, grasp 173 *abij PPh copulate 16 *abijay PPh sling over the shoulder 15 *abilus PPH a plant: Acalypha spp. 12394 *ambiq PWMP extension to house 157 *ambit PMP seize with the hands 158 *ambit PWMP seize with the hands 158 *ambit PCEMP seize with the hands 158 *ambit PCMP seize with the hands 158 *ambit PEMP seize with the hands 158 *abit₁ PWMP climb 17 *abit₂ POC hold, get, take 159 *abu POC grandparent 12112 *abu abu PWMP fish sp. 18 *abuat PWMP long (of objects) 19 *ambun PWMP dew, mist, fog 162 *abun PWMP collect, gather 7983 *ambuŋ PWMP proud, haughty 164 *ambuq PWMP high, lofty 163 *abuqaŋ PMP beetle 20 *abuqaŋ PWMP beetle 20 *abuqaŋ PCEMP beetle 20 *abuqaŋ PCMP beetle 20 *abuR PWMP dust 21 *ábuR PPh chase, drive away 6053 *abus PMP ash 22 *abus PWMP ash 22 *abus PCEMP ash 22 *abus PCMP ash 22 *abut₁ PMP pull up, root up 23 *abut₁ PWMP pull up, root up 23 *abut₁ PCEMP pull up, root up 23 *abut₁ PEMP pull up, root up 23 *abut₁ POC pull up, root up 23 *abut₂ PWMP buttocks 12838 *abuyu PPH to boil sugarcane to make sugarcane wine 12093 *abúluy PPH assistance given to someone in need 12482 *acan POC name 12087 *acaŋ PWMP dove, pigeon 69 *acok POC to sniff, kiss 4978 *aCab PAN a cover 25 *aCas PAN high, tall 26 *aCay PAN death 33 *adaduq PWMP long (of objects) 70 *adamay PMP a plant: Pipturus argenteus 71 *adamay PWMP a plant: Pipturus argenteus 71 *adamay PCEMP a plant: Pipturus argenteus 71 *adamay PCMP a plant: Pipturus argenteus 71 *adani PMP near 8183 *adani PWMP near 8183 *adani PCEMP near 8183 *adani PCMP near 8183 *andap PWMP phosphorescent centipede (?) 239 *adaS PAN bring, take along 6632 *adayúq PPH far 11098 *a-di PMP that, there 2260 *a-di PWMP that, there 2260 *a-di PCEMP that, there 2260 *a-di PCMP that, there 2260 *a-di PEMP that, there 2260 *adi PAN no, not 7326 *adi PMP no, not 7326 *adi PWMP no, not 7326 *adiRi PCEMP housepost 4965 *adiRi PCMP housepost 4965 *adiRi PEMP housepost 4965 *adiRi PSHWNG housepost 4965 *adom POC think, understand 8041 *adu PWMP compete, confront in a contest 75 *anduŋ PMP ancestors 243 *anduŋ PWMP ancestors 243 *anduŋ PCEMP ancestors 243 *anduŋ PCMP ancestors 243 *aduq PMP exclamation of pain, distress, etc. 73 *aduq PWMP exclamation of pain, distress, etc. 73 *aduq PCEMP exclamation of pain, distress, etc. 73 *aduq PCMP exclamation of pain, distress, etc. 73 *a(n)duq PWMP long, of objects 6855 *a-enem PAN six (of humans) 2376 *a-enem PMP six (of humans) 2376 *a-enem PWMP six (of humans) 2376 *a-epat PMP four (of humans) 5180 *a-epat PWMP four (of humans) 5180 *a-esa PAN one (of humans) 2407 *a-esa PMP one (of humans) 2407 *a-esa PWMP one (of humans) 2407 *agag PWMP a sieve; to sift 12240 *agam PWMP consider, think 77 *agas PWMP a tree: Aporosa spp. 7997 *agem₁ PWMP hold, grip 78 *agem₂ PWMP use, get use from 79 *agem₃ PWMP overcast 6739 *agu PMP and, also 80 *agu PWMP and, also 80 *agu PCEMP and, also 80 *agu PCMP and, also 80 *agum-an PPH defend, protect one’s interests 12095 *agup POC pick up with both hands 12574 *agúm PPH to associate with someone 12455 *ai₁ POC anaphoric or relative particle: there, previously mentioned place 82 *ai₂ PAN interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ PMP interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ PWMP interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ PCEMP interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ PCMP interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ PEMP interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₂ POC interjection, exclamation of surprise, incredulity, etc. 83 *ai₃ PAN come 7828 *ai₃ PMP come 7828 *ai₃ PWMP come 7828 *ajan PMP name 84 *ajan PWMP name 84 *ajan PCEMP name 84 *ajan PEMP name 84 *ajek PEMP smell, sniff, kiss 11884 *ajek PSHWNG smell, sniff, kiss 11884 *ajem PAN heart; mind 6619 *ajiq PWMP exclamation of pain or surprise 86 *aka PWMP elder sibling 9739 *akak PMP cackling laughter 87 *akak PWMP cackling laughter 87 *akak PCEMP cackling laughter 87 *akak PCMP cackling laughter 87 *akaŋ PWMP take a long step, step over something 9077 *aka-ŋ PWMP elder sibling (vocative) 9740 *aka-q PWMP elder sibling (vocative) 9741 *akaR PMP root 88 *akaR PWMP root 88 *akaR PCEMP root 88 *akaR PCMP root 88 *akaR PEMP root 88 *akaR POC root 88 *aŋkat PWMP lift, raise, pick up 396 *aŋkat aŋkat PWMP hold up, keep aloft 405 *aŋkat-an PWMP lift, raise up 404 *aŋkás PPH to ride together with someone else, ride tandem 12183 *ake POC tree sp. 6725 *aŋkeb PWMP covering, lid 406 *aken₁ PAN 1sg oblique 7960 *aken₁ PMP 1sg oblique 7960 *aken₁ PWMP 1sg oblique 7960 *aken₂ PWMP preposition, on, upon; applicative marker 12808 *akerahaq PMP cry of a monkey 89 *akerahaq PWMP cry of a monkey 89 *akerahaq PCEMP cry of a monkey 89 *akerahaq PCMP cry of a monkey 89 *aki PAN grandfather, ancestor 6552 *aki PMP grandfather, ancestor 6552 *aki PWMP grandfather, ancestor 6552 *a(ŋ)kit PMP bite 417 *a(ŋ)kit PWMP bite 417 *a(ŋ)kit PCEMP bite 417 *a(ŋ)kit PCMP bite 417 *akot POC to point out, show, teach 12681 *aku PAN 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PMP 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PWMP 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PCEMP 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PCMP 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PEMP 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku PSHWNG 1sg nominative; I 90 *aku POC 1sg nominative; I 90 *aŋkub PMP cover 407 *aŋkub PWMP cover 407 *aŋkub PCEMP cover 407 *aŋkub PEMP cover 407 *aku-en PWMP acknowledge; receive, accept 91 *akup POC cover 408 *aŋkup₁ PMP scoop up with both hands; a double handful 409 *aŋkup₁ PWMP scoop up with both hands; a double handful 409 *aŋkup₁ PCEMP scoop up with both hands; a double handful 409 *aŋkup₁ PEMP scoop up with both hands; a double handful 409 *ala PAN take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala PMP take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala PWMP take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala PCEMP take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala PCMP take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala PEMP take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *ala POC take, get, fetch, obtain; marry 118 *alabat PPH fence, wall 12096 *ala-en PAN be taken 7768 *ala-en PMP be taken 7768 *ala-en PWMP be taken 7768 *alagaq PWMP kind of large red tree ant with bad bite 11496 *alagád PPH to wait 319 *alali PMP halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alali PWMP halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alali PCEMP halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alali PCMP halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alali PEMP halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alali POC halibut, sole, flounder 10359 *alaŋ PPH doubt; hesitation 12479 *alaŋ-alaŋ₁ PWMP insufficient, half-heartedly 8700 *alaŋ-alaŋ₂ PPH to hesitate; to doubt 12481 *alaŋ-án PPH to hesitate; to doubt 12480 *alap PAN fetch, get, take 96 *alap PMP fetch, get, take 96 *alap PWMP fetch, get, take 96 *alap PCEMP fetch, get, take 96 *alap PEMP fetch, get, take 96 *alap POC fetch, get, take 96 *alap-an PWMP what is taken (?) 106 *alap-en PWMP fetch, get, take 107 *alaq₁ PAN fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PMP fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PWMP fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PCEMP fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PCMP fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PEMP fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ PSHWNG fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₁ POC fetch, get, take 108 *alaq₂ PWMP defeat 115 *alaq₃ PWMP resemble 119 *alaq-en PAN be taken 114 *alaq-en PMP be taken 114 *alaq-en PWMP be taken 114 *alawid PWMP far 6836 *alem PMP dark, night 11511 *alem PWMP dark, night 11511 *alem PCEMP dark, night 11511 *alem PCMP dark, night 11511 *alikas PAN quick, fast 11787 *alikas PMP quick, fast 11787 *alikas PWMP quick, fast 11787 *alik-qabuk PPh dust 4109 *alim PAN forget 7144 *alinaw PPh shadow 122 *aliq PMP move, change place 123 *aliq PWMP move, change place 123 *aliq PCEMP move, change place 123 *aliq PEMP move, change place 123 *aliq POC move, change place 123 *aliten PWMP firebrand; unconsumed wood in a fire; charred wood 124 *alílaq PPH to care for someone, wait on 11683 *a(lR)im PAN pancreas, spleen 12781 *alub PWMP put in or over a fire 125 *aluca POC to paddle 12089 *alud PWMP type of canoe 8702 *aluja PAN to paddle 126 *aluja PMP to paddle 126 *aluja PWMP to paddle 126 *aluja PCEMP to paddle 126 *aluja PEMP to paddle 126 *alujah PAN ant sp. 7226 *aluluŋ PMP to howl, of dogs 11483 *aluluŋ PWMP to howl, of dogs 11483 *aluluŋ PCEMP to howl, of dogs 11483 *aluluŋ PEMP to howl, of dogs 11483 *aluluŋ POC to howl, of dogs 11483 *aluŋ PMP shade, shadow 129 *aluŋ PWMP shade, shadow 129 *aluŋ PCEMP shade, shadow 129 *aluŋ PCMP shade, shadow 129 *aluŋ PEMP shade, shadow 129 *aluŋ POC shade, shadow 129 *aluten PMP burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluten PWMP burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluten PCEMP burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluten PCMP burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluten PEMP burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluten PSHWNG burning brand; charred or smoldering wood 7793 *aluton POC firewood 12090 *ama ama PWMP stepfather 151 *ama-an PWMP (gloss uncertain) 146 *ama-en PWMP uncle 147 *ama-i PMP father (voc.) 150 *ama-i PWMP father (voc.) 150 *ama-i PCEMP father (voc.) 150 *ama-i PCMP father (voc.) 150 *amak PWMP mat 130 *amaŋ amaŋ PWMP dare to do something 152 *amaq PWMP to eat 131 *ama-q PMP father (voc.) 149 *ama-q PWMP father (voc.) 149 *ama-q PCEMP father (voc.) 149 *ama-q PCMP father (voc.) 149 *amaq-an PWMP eating place (?) 132 *amaRa PWMP tree sp. 133 *amat PWMP continuous, unceasing 11861 *amatu POC double-headed parrotfish 10288 *amax PAN father 134 *amax PMP father 134 *amax PWMP father 134 *amax PCEMP father 134 *amax PCMP father 134 *amax PEMP father 134 *amax POC father 134 *amá-ŋ PMP father (voc.) 148 *amá-ŋ PWMP father (voc.) 148 *amá-ŋ PCEMP father (voc.) 148 *amá-ŋ PCMP father (voc.) 148 *amen PAN 1pl ex oblique 7962 *amen PMP 1pl ex oblique 7962 *amen PWMP 1pl ex oblique 7962 *ameq PWMP 1pl ex oblique 7963 *ami PAN 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PMP 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PWMP 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PCEMP 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PCMP 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PEMP 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami PSHWNG 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *ami POC 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun, we (exclusive) 9702 *amiaŋ PWMP any plant with hairs that sting or cause itchiness 165 *amin PAN all; finished 180 *amin PMP all; finished 180 *amin PWMP all; finished 180 *amu PAN 2pl. nominative pronoun 9708 *amu PMP 2pl. nominative pronoun 9708 *amu PWMP 2pl. nominative pronoun 9708 *amuluŋ PPH type of wild vine used to blacken the teeth 12912 *amuma PPH to entertain guests, look after visitors 12355 *-an PAN verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-an PMP verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-an PWMP verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-an PCEMP verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-an PEMP verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-an POC verbal suffix marking locative voice; nominal suffix marking location 254 *-ana POC attributive suffix 12497 *anabu PWMP shrub or small tree: Abroma augusta L. 181 *anad PPH accustomed to, skilled at, used to 12483 *anaduq PMP long (of objects) 182 *anaduq PWMP long (of objects) 182 *anaduq PCEMP long (of objects) 182 *anaduq PCMP long (of objects) 182 *anak PMP child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan 184 *anak PWMP child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan 184 *anak PCEMP child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan 184 *anak PCMP child, offspring; son, daughter; brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking); young animal or plant; young; small (for its kind); dependent or component part of something larger; native, resident, inhabitant; interest on a loan 184 *anak a ma-iRaq PMP neonate (lit. 'red child') 218 *anak a ma-iRaq PWMP neonate (lit. 'red child') 218 *anak a ma-iRaq PCEMP neonate (lit. 'red child') 218 *anak a ma-iRaq PCMP neonate (lit. 'red child') 218 *anak a qulu PMP first-born, eldest child (lit. 'head child') 219 *anak a qulu PWMP first-born, eldest child (lit. 'head child') 219 *anak a qulu PCEMP first-born, eldest child (lit. 'head child') 219 *anak a qulu PCMP first-born, eldest child (lit. 'head child') 219 *anak anak PWMP small child 211 *anak anak-an PWMP doll (?) 212 *anak apij PMP twin 213 *anak apij PWMP twin 213 *anak apij PCEMP twin 213 *anak apij PCMP twin 213 *anak bahi, anak babahi, anak binahi PMP wife-taking lineage 214 *anak bahi, anak babahi, anak binahi PWMP wife-taking lineage 214 *anak bahi, anak babahi, anak binahi PCEMP wife-taking lineage 214 *anak bahi, anak babahi, anak binahi PCMP wife-taking lineage 214 *anak buaq PMP relative (?) 215 *anak buaq PWMP relative (?) 215 *anak buaq PCEMP relative (?) 215 *anak buaq PCMP relative (?) 215 *anak daRa PWMP maiden, virgin, girl of marriageable age 216 *anak i banua PMP fellow villager, fellow community-member 220 *anak i banua PWMP fellow villager, fellow community-member 220 *anak i banua PCEMP fellow villager, fellow community-member 220 *anak i banua PCMP fellow villager, fellow community-member 220 *anak i batu PMP small stones, gravel 221 *anak i batu PWMP small stones, gravel 221 *anak i batu PCEMP small stones, gravel 221 *anak i batu PCMP small stones, gravel 221 *anak i hapuy PWMP sparks of fire 222 *anak i haRezan PWMP step or rung of a ladder 223 *anak i kahiw PMP young tree, sprout 224 *anak i kahiw PWMP young tree, sprout 224 *anak i kahiw PCEMP young tree, sprout 224 *anak i kahiw PCMP young tree, sprout 224 *anak i lesuŋ PMP rice pestle 225 *anak i lesuŋ PWMP rice pestle 225 *anak i lesuŋ PCEMP rice pestle 225 *anak i lesuŋ PCMP rice pestle 225 *anak i lima PMP little finger, pinkie 226 *anak i lima PWMP little finger, pinkie 226 *anak i lima PCEMP little finger, pinkie 226 *anak i lima PCMP little finger, pinkie 226 *anak i manuk PMP chick, baby chicken 227 *anak i manuk PWMP chick, baby chicken 227 *anak i manuk PCEMP chick, baby chicken 227 *anak i manuk PCMP chick, baby chicken 227 *anak i mata PMP pupil of the eye 228 *anak i mata PWMP pupil of the eye 228 *anak i mata PCEMP pupil of the eye 228 *anak i mata PCMP pupil of the eye 228 *anak i panaq PMP arrow 229 *anak i panaq PWMP arrow 229 *anak i panaq PCEMP arrow 229 *anak i panaq PCMP arrow 229 *anak i qaRta PMP slave (?) 230 *anak i qaRta PWMP slave (?) 230 *anak i qaRta PCEMP slave (?) 230 *anak i qaRta PCMP slave (?) 230 *anak i sumpit PMP blowpipe dart 231 *anak i sumpit PWMP blowpipe dart 231 *anak i sumpit PCEMP blowpipe dart 231 *anak i sumpit PCMP blowpipe dart 231 *anak i tau PMP someone else's child 232 *anak i tau PWMP someone else's child 232 *anak i tau PCEMP someone else's child 232 *anak i tau PCMP someone else's child 232 *anak ma-Ruqanay, anak (la)laki PMP wife-giving lineage 217 *anak ma-Ruqanay, anak (la)laki PWMP wife-giving lineage 217 *anak ma-Ruqanay, anak (la)laki PCEMP wife-giving lineage 217 *anak ma-Ruqanay, anak (la)laki PCMP wife-giving lineage 217 *anak nu dilaq PWMP uvula 7134 *anak nu mata PMP pupil of the eye (‘child of the eye’) 8613 *anak nu mata PWMP pupil of the eye (‘child of the eye’) 8613 *anak nu mata PCEMP pupil of the eye (‘child of the eye’) 8613 *anak nu mata PCMP pupil of the eye (‘child of the eye’) 8613 *anak-an PWMP give birth 209 *anak-en PWMP brother's child (man speaking), sister's child (woman speaking) 210 *anam PPH a plant: Glochidion spp. 11068 *a-nan PWMP that 3647 *an-anak PMP child 187 *an-anak PWMP child 187 *an-anak PCEMP child 187 *an-anak PCMP child 187 *ananay₁ PPH exclamation of pain; ouch! 11069 *ananay₂ PPH go or do something slowly, take one’s time 11070 *anaŋ PWMP dehortatory exclamation 238 *ana<ŋa>ican POC when? (past) 2828 *anapiŋ PWMP cheek 233 *anay-en PWMP eaten by termites, damaged by termites 237 *anayup PPH beautyberry: Callicarpa spp. 11071 *ane POC insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 235 *aniŋal PMP echo 245 *aniŋal PWMP echo 245 *aniŋal PCEMP echo 245 *aniŋal PCMP echo 245 *anipa PMP large snake sp. 244 *anipa PWMP large snake sp. 244 *anipa PCEMP large snake sp. 244 *anipa PCMP large snake sp. 244 *ansaw PWMP roam about 246 *a-nu PMP thing whose name is unknown, avoided, or cannot be remembered: what? 3688 *a-nu PWMP thing whose name is unknown, avoided, or cannot be remembered: what? 3688 *anu PCEMP thing whose name is unknown 12530 *anu PCMP thing whose name is unknown 12530 *anu PEMP thing whose name is unknown 12530 *anu POC thing whose name is unknown 12530 *anu-anu PWMP thing of uncertainty 3706 *anu-en PPh how? In what way? 3705 *a-nu-ku PMP my unnamed thing: mine 3694 *a-nu-ku PWMP my unnamed thing: mine 3694 *a-nu-ku PCEMP my unnamed thing: mine 3694 *a-nu-ku PEMP my unnamed thing: mine 3694 *a-nu-ku POC my unnamed thing: mine 3694 *a-nu-mu PMP your unnamed thing: yours 3696 *a-nu-mu PWMP your unnamed thing: yours 3696 *a-nu-mu PCEMP your unnamed thing: yours 3696 *a-nu-mu PEMP your unnamed thing: yours 3696 *a-nu-mu POC your unnamed thing: yours 3696 *a-nu-ni a PMP his/her unnamed thing: his/hers 3698 *a-nu-ni a PWMP his/her unnamed thing: his/hers 3698 *anu-ña POC his/her unnamed thing: his/hers 3699 *a-nusa POC small island, islet 7055 *aNak PAN child, offspring; son, daughter; interest on a loan 183 *aN-aNak PAN child 186 *aNay PAN insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *aNay PMP insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *aNay PWMP insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *aNay PCEMP insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *aNay PCMP insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *aNay PEMP insect of the order Isoptera: termite, white ant 234 *añam PMP plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam PWMP plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam PCEMP plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam PCMP plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam PEMP plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam PSHWNG plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam POC plait (mats, baskets, etc.) 388 *añam-en PWMP what has been plaited or woven 391 *añem PMP plait, braid 394 *añem PWMP plait, braid 394 *añem PCEMP plait, braid 394 *añem PCMP plait, braid 394 *añuliŋ PMP a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *añuliŋ PWMP a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *añuliŋ PCEMP a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *añuliŋ PCMP a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *añuliŋ PEMP a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *añuliŋ POC a fruit-bearing plant: Pisonia umbellifera 251 *aŋak POC out of breath, gasping 12531 *aŋaŋ PPH large earthenware jar 12203 *aŋaq PMP open the mouth wide 392 *aŋaq PWMP open the mouth wide 392 *aŋaq PCEMP open the mouth wide 392 *aŋaq PCMP open the mouth wide 392 *aŋas PPH face, countenance 11086 *aŋat PWMP to challenge, confront 393 *aŋay PAN departure (?) 9146 *aŋay PMP departure (?) 9146 *aŋay PWMP departure (?) 9146 *aŋáy PPH to fit, match, be suitable 12204 *aŋ(e)cej PWMP stench of sweaty armpits 414 *aŋ(e)ceŋ PWMP stench of sweaty armpits 415 *aŋ(e)hud PWMP young 413 *aŋ(e)lem PMP stench 416 *aŋ(e)lem PWMP stench 416 *aŋ(e)lem PCEMP stench 416 *aŋ(e)lem PEMP stench 416 *aŋ(ə)tad PPH in the line of sight, clearly visible 8709 *a(ŋ)gap PWMP think carefully about, consider 11324 *aŋi₁ PWMP aromatic odor 395 *aŋi₂ POC sharp 12536 *aŋin POC wind 2617 *aŋin-aŋin POC gust, draft, current of air 2627 *aŋit POC anger 2629 *aŋo POC turmeric: Curcuma longa 10360 *aŋo-aŋo-ana POC yellow 10361 *aŋom POC stench 12111 *aŋu aŋu PWMP silly, senile, doting 412 *aŋusu POC to spit; spittle 6979 *apa apa PMP something; anything; everything 260 *apa apa PWMP something; anything; everything 260 *apa apa PCEMP something; anything; everything 260 *apa apa PCMP something; anything; everything 260 *apa apa PEMP something; anything; everything 260 *apa apa POC something; anything; everything 260 *NEG + apa apa PWMP nothing 261 *apa₁ PMP what? 256 *apa₁ PWMP what? 256 *apa₁ PCEMP what? 256 *apa₁ PCMP what? 256 *apa₁ PEMP what? 256 *apa₁ POC what? 256 *apa₂ PAN carry on the back 6553 *apa-i PMP what? which? 259 *apa-i PWMP what? which? 259 *apa-i PCEMP what? which? 259 *apa-i PCMP what? which? 259 *ampal PWMP beetle sp. 166 *apaqpaq PWMP armpit, crotch 255 *apat PPH lie in wait, set an ambush in hunting game 11684 *apatut PPH small tree, probably Morinda citrifolia Linn. 11145 *ampaw PMP empty husk (of rice, etc.) 167 *ampaw PWMP empty husk (of rice, etc.) 167 *ampaw PCEMP empty husk (of rice, etc.) 167 *ampaw PCMP empty husk (of rice, etc.) 167 *aped PWMP hindrance, obstacle 262 *ap(e)lag PPH lying flat (of something that is usually upright, or in some other position) 12511 *apeled PMP taste of unripe banana; slightly bitter or astringent taste 263 *apeled PWMP taste of unripe banana; slightly bitter or astringent taste 263 *apeled PCEMP taste of unripe banana; slightly bitter or astringent taste 263 *apeled PCMP taste of unripe banana; slightly bitter or astringent taste 263 *apen PEMP fishing line 2578 *apen PSHWNG fishing line 2578 *ap(e)rus PPH to touch someone lightly, rub the back 12184 *ampeRij PWMP type of finch, rice bird 168 *ampet PWMP stanch the flow, as of blood 169 *api PEMP fire 5038 *api PSHWNG fire 5038 *api POC fire 5039 *ampias PWMP wind-driven rain 170 *apic POC twins of the same sex 4959 *apid₁ PWMP braid 264 *apid₂ PWMP lie in stacks, one on top of the other 265 *ampik PWMP pat, clap 171 *ampin PWMP roll of leaves or cloth 172 *apiŋ PPH cheek 11118 *apiRit PWMP type of finch, rice bird 268 *apis PWMP kind of rattan 269 *apit POC pinch, squeeze 5026 *apo POC high, lofty 12080 *apon POC fishing line 2579 *apu PAN grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 273 *ampu PMP grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 274 *ampu PWMP grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 274 *ampu PCEMP grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 274 *ampu PCMP grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 274 *ampu PEMP grandparent/grandchild (reciprocal) 274 *apu apu PPh forefathers, ancestors 283 *apu-en PPh regard as a grandparent or grandchild (?) 281 *ampuk PWMP scatter, disperse 174 *apuk PMP dust 270 *apuk PWMP dust 270 *apuk PCEMP dust 270 *apuk PEMP dust 270 *apuk POC dust 270 *ampun PMP pardon, forgiveness 175 *ampun PWMP pardon, forgiveness 175 *ampun PCEMP pardon, forgiveness 175 *ampun PCMP pardon, forgiveness 175 *ampun-an PWMP pardon, forgiveness 179 *apuni PMP tree fern 271 *apuni PWMP tree fern 271 *apuni PCEMP tree fern 271 *apuni PCMP tree fern 271 *apuŋ PMP float 284 *apuŋ PWMP float 284 *apuŋ PCEMP float 284 *apuŋ PCMP float 284 *apuŋ apuŋ PMP floating 285 *apuŋ apuŋ PWMP floating 285 *apuŋ apuŋ PCEMP floating 285 *apuŋ apuŋ PEMP floating 285 *apuŋ apuŋ POC floating 285 *apu-q PPh grandparent, ancestor, lord, master, owner (voc.) 282 *apuR PAN betel chew 272 *apuR PMP betel chew 272 *apuR PWMP betel chew 272 *apúy PPh break out in boils 286 *aqa PWMP negative marker: no, not 287 *aqedas PWMP plant with sharp leaves 288 *aráy PPH exclamation of pain 12206 *aren PMP nobility, member of the chiefly class 10956 *aren PWMP nobility, member of the chiefly class 10956 *aren PCEMP nobility, member of the chiefly class 10956 *aren PCMP nobility, member of the chiefly class 10956 *ari PWMP come, toward the speaker 7831 *ari POC demonstrative: this (?) 12071 *ariRi POC housepost 4966 *aru POC many, much 11883 *aRak PMP walk single-file; be positioned one behind the other 289 *aRak PWMP walk single-file; be positioned one behind the other 289 *aRak PCEMP walk single-file; be positioned one behind the other 289 *aRak PCMP walk single-file; be positioned one behind the other 289 *aRak-aRak PWMP walk single-file; be positioned one behind the other 293 *aRama PPH kind of large marine crab 12344 *aRani PWMP harvest; to harvest 294 *aResam PMP kind of fern 296 *aResam PWMP kind of fern 296 *aResam PCEMP kind of fern 296 *aResam PEMP kind of fern 296 *aRezan PEMP notched log ladder 2588 *aRezan PSHWNG notched log ladder 2588 *aRi PAN come; toward the speaker; let’s go! 297 *aRi PMP come; toward the speaker; let’s go! 297 *aRi PWMP come; toward the speaker; let’s go! 297 *aRu POC a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 302 *aRud PWMP scrape, shave (as rattan) 300 *aRuhu PMP a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 301 *aRuhu PWMP a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 301 *aRuhu PCEMP a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 301 *aRuhu PEMP a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 301 *aRuhu PSHWNG a shore tree: Casuarina equisetifolia 301 *asa₁ PAN one 305 *asa₁ PMP one 305 *asa₁ PWMP one 305 *asa₁ PCEMP one 305 *asa₁ PCMP one 305 *asa₁ PEMP one 305 *asa₁ PSHWNG one 305 *asa₂ PCEMP one (of humans) 2408 *asa₂ PCMP one (of humans) 2408 *asa₂ PEMP one (of humans) 2408 *asa₂ PSHWNG one (of humans) 2408 *asag PWMP incite, urge on, stir up 303 *asam POC kind of fern 12115 *asaŋ₁ PWMP mortise and tenon joint 306 *asaŋ₂ PEMP gills 2591 *asaŋ₂ PSHWNG gills 2591 *asaŋ₂ POC gills 2591 *asaŋ₃ PAN village 7961 *asaŋ-i PEMP gills of 2593 *asaŋ-i POC gills of 2593 *asaq PEMP sharpen, rub, grate 5069 *asaq PSHWNG sharpen, rub, grate 5069 *asaq POC sharpen, rub, grate 5069 *asaq-i POC sharpen (transitive) 5076 *asat PMP dry out, become dry 304 *asat PWMP dry out, become dry 304 *asat PCEMP dry out, become dry 304 *asat PCMP dry out, become dry 304 *asep PWMP incense, ritual smoke 307 *asi₁ PWMP flesh 311 *asi₂ PWMP show off 312 *asi₃ PWMP fermented rice 313 *asih PWMP pretend 308 *asih asih PWMP pretend 309 *asio POC sneeze 310 *asok POC plant in holes in the ground 2597 *asu₁ PAN dog 320 *asu₁ PMP dog 320 *asu₁ PWMP dog 320 *asu₁ PCEMP dog 320 *asu₁ PCMP dog 320 *asu₂ PMP fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asu₂ PWMP fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asu₂ PCEMP fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asu₂ PCMP fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asu₂ PEMP fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asu₂ POC fetch water, scoop up water 324 *asug PWMP shaman in ritual transvestite attire 316 *asuk PMP smoke, soot 317 *asuk PWMP smoke, soot 317 *asuk PCEMP smoke, soot 317 *asuk PCMP smoke, soot 317 *asuŋ PMP incite, spur to action 325 *asuŋ PWMP incite, spur to action 325 *asuŋ PCEMP incite, spur to action 325 *asuŋ PCMP incite, spur to action 325 *asuntiŋ PWMP a plant: Cassia sp. 318 *aSik PAN to sweep, remove trash 12771 *ata PAN 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata PMP 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata PWMP 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata PCEMP 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata PCMP 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata PEMP 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *ata POC 1pl. incl. possessive pronoun: our 333 *atáb PPh flood tide 348 *atab PMP a cover 12081 *atab PWMP a cover 12081 *antábay PPh stay with, accompany 250 *antad PPH open, spacious 247 *atag PWMP persist in an endeavor 329 *átaŋ átaŋ PPh poisonous arthropod 6089 *ataŋ₁ PWMP block, obstruct; something which separates one area from another 334 *ataŋ₂ PWMP carry on a shoulder pole between two people 336 *ataŋ₃ PMP crossbeam 337 *ataŋ₃ PWMP crossbeam 337 *ataŋ₃ PCEMP crossbeam 337 *ataŋ₃ PCMP crossbeam 337 *átaŋ₄ PPh sacrifice to the spirits 6090 *antap PPh guess, suspect 248 *ataq PWMP unhusked rice grain left among the husked grains 330 *ataR PWMP flat, level 331 *atas PMP high, tall 27 *atas PWMP high, tall 27 *atas PCEMP high, tall 27 *atas PCMP high, tall 27 *atas PEMP high, tall 27 *atas POC high, tall 27 *atas-ña POC its top 32 *atay PMP death 34 *atay PWMP death 34 *atay PCEMP death 34 *atay PEMP death 34 *atay POC death 34 *atá PPh expression, as of displeasure or surprise 332 *ated PEMP accompany, escort, conduct, convey; send; return; escort the bride to her husband; gift of food at a wedding; send bridewealth payments 11888 *ated PSHWNG accompany, escort, conduct, convey; send; return; escort the bride to her husband; gift of food at a wedding; send bridewealth payments 11888 *atek PCMP cover, as with a blanket 338 *atel PMP itch, itchy 340 *atel PWMP itch, itchy 340 *atel PCEMP itch, itchy 340 *atel PCMP itch, itchy 340 *aten PMP 1p plural absolute possessive pronoun: ours (incl.) 3009 *aten PWMP 1p plural absolute possessive pronoun: ours (incl.) 3009 *aten₃ PWMP we (incl.) 7700 *anteŋ PWMP still, calm, quiet 249 *ateq PWMP 1pl in oblique 7966 *ati₁ PMP negative marker 344 *ati₁ PWMP negative marker 344 *ati₁ PCEMP negative marker 344 *ati₁ PCMP negative marker 344 *ati₁ PEMP negative marker 344 *ati₁ POC negative marker 344 *ati₂ PWMP there (distant) 345 *atimel PWMP bedbug 341 *ántiŋ PPh hear at a distance 6082 *atip PMP pinch together 342 *atip PWMP pinch together 342 *atip PCEMP pinch together 342 *atip PCMP pinch together 342 *atis PWMP provoke a fight 343 *a-tu PMP away, outward, forward, onward; towards the hearer 2170 *a-tu PWMP away, outward, forward, onward; towards the hearer 2170 *a-tu PCEMP away, outward, forward, onward; towards the hearer 2170 *a-tu PEMP away, outward, forward, onward; towards the hearer 2170 *a-tu POC away, outward, forward, onward; towards the hearer 2170 *atu PMP away from speaker 7781 *atu PWMP away from speaker 7781 *atu PCEMP away from speaker 7781 *atu PEMP away from speaker 7781 *atu POC away from speaker 7781 *atúbaŋ PPh to face, confront 347 *atuk PWMP smoke 8892 *atuR PAN stone wall 12104 *atuR PMP stone wall 12104 *atuR PWMP stone wall 12104 *au₁ PCEMP dew 350 *au₁ PCMP dew 350 *au₁ PEMP dew 350 *au₁ POC dew 350 *au₂ PAN yes 351 *au₂ PMP yes 351 *au₂ PWMP yes 351 *au₂ PCEMP yes 351 *au₂ PCMP yes 351 *au₂ PEMP yes 351 *au₂ POC yes 351 *aura POC type of wind 349 *aw PMP question particle 5101 *aw PWMP question particle 5101 *awa POC exclamation of surprise 357 *awaŋ PMP atmosphere, space between earth and sky 358 *awaŋ PWMP atmosphere, space between earth and sky 358 *awaŋ PCEMP atmosphere, space between earth and sky 358 *awaŋ PCMP atmosphere, space between earth and sky 358 *awat₁ PWMP help, assistance 352 *awat₂ PPH to separate people who are fighting 12839 *áway PPH to quarrel, argue, fight 11087 *away₁ PMP beckon with the hand 353 *away₁ PWMP beckon with the hand 353 *away₁ PCEMP beckon with the hand 353 *away₁ PCMP beckon with the hand 353 *away₁ PEMP beckon with the hand 353 *away₂ PWMP face 354 *away₃ PWMP I don't know! 355 *away₄ PWMP rattan variety 356 *awe POC to wave 9803 *awer PWMP rushing of water in a river 359 *awi PWMP cloth cover 360 *aya₁ PAN exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ PMP exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ PWMP exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ PCEMP exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ PCMP exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ PEMP exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₁ POC exclamation of annoyance, surprise, etc. 369 *aya₂ PAN (gloss uncertain) 370 *aya₂ PMP father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ PWMP father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ PCEMP father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ PCMP father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ PEMP father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ PSHWNG father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *aya₂ POC father’s sister, father’s sister’s husband 8678 *ayak₁ PWMP follow, walk after 361 *ayak₂ PWMP sift, separate by sifting 362 *ayak-an PWMP sieve, strainer 364 *ayam PWMP plait, weave 365 *ayat PWMP threaten, confront violently 366 *ayaw PWMP raid, go headhunting 368 *ayáw PPh depart, separate from 367 *ayud PWMP copulate, have sexual intercourse 371 *ayum PWMP block, hinder, obstruct 372 *ayun PWMP to swing, oscillate 11685 *ayuŋ₁ PWMP monkey sp. 374 *ayuŋ₂ PMP swing, sway, rock 375 *ayuŋ₂ PWMP swing, sway, rock 375 *ayuŋ₂ PCEMP swing, sway, rock 375 *ayuŋ₂ PCMP swing, sway, rock 375 *ayut PWMP copulate, have sexual intercourse 373 *anzak PWMP stamp the feet 253 *azak PWMP summon others to join an activity 376 *azuq PWMP term of address to males 377 |
aa ab ac aC ad ae ag ai aj ak al am an aN añ aŋ ap aq ar aR as aS at au aw ay az
a a b c C d e g h i i j k l L l m n N ñ ŋ o p q r R s S t u u w y z
Austronesian Comparative Dictionary, web edition
Robert Blust and Stephen Trussel
www.trussel2.com/ACD
2010: revision 6/21/2020
email: Blust (content) –
Trussel (production)
D:\Users\Stephen\Documents\Visual Studio 2008\Projects\prjACD\prjACD\bin\Debug\acd-p_a1.htm