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ʔa    ʔe    ʔi    ʔo    ʔu    

ɁaDobuan(OC) marker of edible possession POC *kana-

ʔāTongan(OC) fence, wall; enclosure, pen POC *qaRa₂

ʔaaRennellese(OC) wall, fence, enclosure; to build a fence, wall, or enclosure; to surround POC *qaRa₂

ʔaanSeit(CMP) the Tahitian chestnut: Inocarpus fagifer PMP *gayam

ʔæbaLaɁSaisiyat (Taai)(Formosan) shoulder PAN *qabaRa₁

ʔaeŋLaha(CMP) a tree: Inocarpus sp. PMP *gayam

ʔafahaRotuman(OC) frigate bird; kite (toy) POC *katapa

ʔafeToqabaqita(OC) crab sp., the Flat crab: Percnon planissimum (?) POC *kape₂

ʔagi-toRennellese(OC) firefly, seen inland, a rare phenomenon; believed to be the embodiment of the goddess Sikingimoemoe, and might not be killed POC *totop

ʔagoRennellese(OC) front, coastline; front of the human chest POC *qarop

ʔahagiRennellese(OC) surgeonfish: Acanthurus sp. PMP *qapaliR

ʔæheRotuman(OC) kind of reef crab, reddish with very flat back POC *kape₂

ʔahe-sia'Āre'āre(OC) to drift away, to be carried away by the current POC *tape₁

ʔahuSuau(OC) ash POC *qapu

ʔahul-ljoNusa Laut(CMP) conch shell trumpet PMP *tabuRi

ɁaiEnggano(WMP) 1pl. excl., we, us PAN *k-ami

ʔaiLau(OC) a person, individual; a woman; thing; kind, sort; another, different POC *kai

ʔaiSuau(OC) ‘1pl. excl., we’ PAN *k-ami

ʔaiToqabaqita(OC) used to refer to collectivities of various kinds POC *kai

ʔai buriLau(OC) junior; second wife (buri = ‘after, behind’) POC *kai

ʔai manuLau(OC) a flock of birds POC *kai

ʔai naoLau(OC) senior; first wife POC *kai

ʔai ni bulisiToqabaqita(OC) police unit POC *kai

ʔai ni fasiaToqabaqita(OC) the founding family, group in a given place POC *kai

ʔai ni gavmanToqabaqita(OC) government (as a collective body) POC *kai

ʔai ni maeToqabaqita(OC) saga-like song which is the history of a family line POC *kai

ʔai ni niuToqabaqita(OC) coconut grove POC *kai

ʔai-ʔaiSuau(OC) to eat POC *kani

ʔā-kauHawaiian(OC) right PMP *ka-taqu₂

ʔakʷasiLau(OC) a tree used for blackening teeth: Rhus taitensis POC *tawasi

ʔalabusiKwara'ae(OC) a shrub: Acalypha grandis POC *kalaqabusi

ʔalagaLau(OC) seaweed POC *karagwam

ʔalagaToqabaqita(OC) species of seaweed POC *karagwam

ʔalakSaisiyat (Tungho)(Formosan) baby PAN *aNak

ʔaləbPuyuma(Formosan) close PAN *qaNeb

ʔaləb-anPuyuma(Formosan) door panel PAN *qaNeb-an

ʔaləb-iPuyuma(Formosan) Close the door! PAN *qaNeb

ʔaliToqabaqita(OC) species of bivalve shellfish: its shell is used as a scraper to clean taros, breadfruit, etc. that have been roasted in the fire, to scrape out the flesh of a coconut, and as a spoon POC *kaRi₂

ʔaLibaubaŋRukai (Tanan)(Formosan) butterfly PAN *qali-

ʔalipugpúgBontok(WMP) to do something with exaggerated motions, as walking; to shake; to convulse PPH *qali-pugpug

ʔalusaBunama(OC) current PMP *qaRus

ʔámanBontok(WMP) careful or deliberate, esp. of an undesirable activity PPH *áman

ɁamiGorontalo(WMP) 1pl. excl., we; term of address to an older man (esp. to Arabs) PAN *k-ami

ɁamiPendau(WMP) 1pl. excl., we PAN *k-ami

ʔamuTahitian(OC) to eat POC *kamu₃

Ɂa-naArosi(OC) his, hers, its; when food, drink, medicine or anything acting on the person is referred to POC *kana-

Ɂana-Manam(OC) marker of edible possession POC *kana-

ʔanamiMoor(SHWNG) to plant, grow PMP *tanem-i

ʔanoArosi(OC) bulb, tuber, part of a tree below the ground POC *kanoŋ

ʔanoRennellese(OC) kind, nature, character, type, likeness, resemblance, image, color, moral quality, meaning POC *kanoŋ

ʔanuh-iTongan(OC) to spit, spit on, spit out POC *qanusi

ʔanu-siFutunan(OC) to spit in someone’s face, spit on POC *qanusi

ʔanu-ʔanuFutunan(OC) to spit POC *qanusi

ʔaŋLoniu(OC) day POC *draŋi

ʔáŋalBontok(WMP) to answer back angrily, to challenge PPh *áŋal

ʔaŋavaVera'a(OC) Cheilinus undulata POC *taŋapa

ʔaoTongan(OC) front (esp. of a person), presence; head of a coin; private parts, genitals POC *qarop

ʔa-opaEnggano(WMP) four PMP *ka-epat

ʔapaSamoan(OC) (of bird’s wing, turtle flipper, etc.) to beat, lash POC *kabak

ʔapa-ʔapaSamoan(OC) fin; wing of an aircraft POC *kaba-kabak

ʔapuHawaiian(OC) coconut shell cup POC *kapuq

ʔa-puloSa'a(OC) reversed, returned, turned back on a journey POC *ta-bulos

ʔaragaArosi(OC) a seaweed; it appears when the yams are planted and grows with them, coming to maturity when they do POC *karagwam

ʔarasi-a'Āre'āre(OC) to scrape, polish, of wooden articles such as combs, bows; to sharpen, point a stick; grate coconuts POC *karasi

ʔaruLonggu(OC) a coconut ready to drink and eat POC *karut₂

ʔæʃəLoɁSaisiyat (Taai)(Formosan) pestle PAN *qaSelu

ʔasiSamoan(OC) edible mollusc (Arca sp.), the shell of which is used as a scraper; shell scraper POC *kasi

ʔasuManam(OC) smoke POC *kasu

ʔateSuau(OC) liver PMP *qatay

ʔatohaBunama(OC) roofing material POC *qatop

ʔatuBukat(WMP) hundred PMP *Ratus

ʔatuŋIbaloy(WMP) burned, scalded skin, eyes, or other body part (as by fire, boiling water) PPH *hátuŋ

ʔauHawaiian(OC) to swim, travel by sea POC *kaRu₁

ʔaulSeit(CMP) lime (for betel) PMP *kapuR

ʔaveSamoan(OC) give, hand (something to); carry, take (people or things); send (people or things); drive a car, ride a horse POC *kawe

ʔawaSuau(OC) mouth POC *qawa₂

ʔayuAmpibabo-Lauje(WMP) wood PMP *kahiw

ʔayuPetapa Taje(WMP) wood PMP *kahiw

ʔaʔaSamoan(OC) coarse fibrous material found at the base of coconut leaves and used for strainers, etc. POC *kaka₃

ʔaʔaEnggano(WMP) elder sister, elder brother PMP *kaka₂

ʔa-ʔaiSamoan(OC) village, town POC *kai

ʔa-ʔanoSamoan(OC) [gloss] POC *kanoŋ

ʔa-ʔanuTongan(OC) to spit POC *qanusi

ʔaʔasiSamoan(OC) to scratch deeply POC *kakas

ʔaʔasi-aSamoan(OC) be scratched, as one’s arm POC *kakas

ʔaʔauSamoan(OC) to swim POC *kaRu₁

ʔa-ʔaveSamoan(OC) to spread (of news and rumors) POC *kawe

ʔaʔawaArosi(OC) a fish, blenny sp. POC *kakawa₂

ʔaʔawaHawaiian(OC) wrasse: Bodianus bilunulatus POC *kakawa₂

ʔa-ʔaʔaHawaiian(OC) coconut cloth, vascular bundles in taro corm, chaff; fibrous POC *kaka₃

ʔe ~ eHawaiian(OC) prefix to numbers POC *e

ʔeaHawaiian(OC) hawksbill turtle: Chelone imbricata; the shell of this turtle; reddish-brown, as the color of the Ɂea shell PCEMP *keRa

ʔedu-ʔeduBwaidoga/Bwaidoka(OC) base of skull POC *keju

ʔedu-ʔeduDobuan(OC) base of skull POC *keju

ʔedu-ʔedu-naMolima(OC) back of the head POC *keju

ʔedu-ʔedu-negaMolima(OC) from the rear POC *keju

ʔedu-ʔedu uyaMolima(OC) to turn the head around POC *keju

ʔe-hisaBunama(OC) how many? POC *pica

ʔeilAli(OC) to dig POC *kali ~ keli

ʔejuRotuman(OC) back of the head POC *keju

ʔej-ʔejuRotuman(OC) to turn the back of the head towards (esp. when going away) POC *keju

ʔeliLuangiua(OC) to dig POC *kali ~ keli

ʔeli ~ ʔaliHawaiian(OC) to dig, excavate POC *kali ~ keli

ʔenoBunama(OC) to lie down, sleep PAN *qinep

ʔenoSuau(OC) lie down, to sleep PAN *qinep

ʔianaBunama(OC) fish PEMP *ikan

ʔi-dapə́tBontok(WMP) to place objects side by side, so that they are touching; to have the edges of two objects together PMP *dapet

ʔikeLuangiua(OC) to see PAN *kita₂

ʔilaBunama(OC) axe PMP *kiRam

ʔilatAmpibabo-Lauje(WMP) lightning PMP *kilat₁

ʔiliSamoan(OC) a saw, a file; sawing, filing POC *kikir

ʔioSamoan(OC) (of a chicken) to cheep PAN *kiaw

ʔi-ruaHaununu(OC) two POC *rua

ʔitaBunama(OC) to see PAN *kita₂

ʔitaSuau(OC) to see PAN *kita₂

ʔitoAmpibabo-Lauje(WMP) to see PAN *kita₂

ʔi-tuludIbaloy(WMP) to help something along, take someone, something somewhere (as by giving a boost, accompanying to a certain place, etc.) PPH *i-tulúd

ʔiú-lPalauan(WMP) his/her hair PMP *qulu

ʔiʔiHawaiian(OC) small, stunted, undersized; dwarf POC *kiki₂

ʔōHawaiian(OC) any piercing instrument, fork, pin, sharp-pointed stick, pitchfork, fishing spear; coconut husker; sharp darting body pain; to pierce, vaccinate, prick, stab, thrust; to flash, as lightning; to extend; to dip in, as the finger; to reach, to appear; force a way out POC *soka

ʔōHawaiian(OC) any piercing instrument, fork, pin, sharpened stick, pitchfork, fishing spear, coconut husker; to pierce, vaccinate, prick, stab, thrust, etc. POC *kojom

ʔodaBunama(OC) eat something raw POC *qodaq

ɁoeArosi(OC) thou; you there! friend! (used continually in address where English uses no word) POC *koe

ɁoeHawaiian(OC) you (sg.) POC *koe

ɁoeSamoan(OC) 2sg. conjunct and disjunt verbal pronoun POC *koe

ʔokotAmis(Formosan) to huddle, as when cold PAN *qukut

ʔomiSuau(OC) 2pl. nom., you all PCEMP *kamiu

ʔonu-hiArosi(OC) to shake (something) POC *kañu-kañu

ʔonu-ʔonuArosi(OC) to shake, as tree in wind, house in earthquake POC *kañu-kañu

ɁooPendau(WMP) 2sg., you PMP *kahu

ʔoraArosi(OC) to blaze, gleam, shine PMP *kelap₂

ʔoraArosi(OC) to blaze, gleam, shine PMP *kerap

ʔoraArosi(OC) to blaze, gleam, shine POC *koran

ʔora-ʔora'Āre'āre(OC) ashes, dust POC *koran

ʔoriArosi(OC) to scrape POC *korit

ʔori-siaArosi(OC) scraped POC *korit

ʔoruNusa Laut(CMP) three PAN *telu

ʔɔsiRotuman(OC) cockle shell, much used for scraping POC *kasi

ʔosoSamoan(OC) to dig, dig up; stick used for digging or planting POC *kojom

ʔotiSamoan(OC) to cut (with scissors, clippers, etc.) PAN *ketil

ʔotoKwaio(OC) hit and perforate; put stick in ground, tether pig to it; jab, stick, throw (out) POC *kojom

ʔotoLau(OC) to poke, thrust, jab; to pierce, insert POC *kojom

ʔoto-maiLau(OC) to plant cuttings, poke in, insert into POC *kojom

ʔoto-mikaKwaio(OC) spear something; call up kinsmen for a fight POC *kojom

ʔovVatrata(OC) sugarcane POC *na topu

ʔoʔaKwara'ae(OC) Glochidion angulatum POC *koka

ʔoʔaSamoan(OC) tree from the bark of which a brown dye is extracted which is used in decorating bark cloth: Bischofia sp. POC *koka

ʔuMarau₂(OC) louse PMP *kutu₁

ʔuaLuangiua(OC) rain POC *qusan

ʔuʔaSamoan(OC) common mangrove crab (Sesarma sp.) POC *kuka

ʔubenaArosi(OC) a large net POC *kupwena

ʔúiPalauan(WMP) hair (on head) PMP *qulu

ʔukuLuangiua(OC) louse PMP *kutu₁

ʔuliLuangiua(OC) skin POC *kulit

ʔuluSuau(OC) head POC *qulu

ʔuluʔuluSa'a(OC) a full-grown coconut, a dry nut on the tree or fallen off POC *kulu₂

ʔunuArosi(OC) to speak, tell, name, say, call PMP *kunu₂

ʔuoRotuman(OC) bonefish: Albula sp. POC *kuRo

ʔupʷenaDobuan(OC) curtain POC *kupwena

ʔuraArosi(OC) a species of tree; the root gives a scarlet dye POC *gurat

ʔuraLonggu(OC) Morinda citrifolia POC *kurat

ʔurɔRotuman(OC) Morinda citrifolia POC *kurat

ʔuruArosi(OC) curly, of hair PMP *kurut

ʔuruArosi(OC) curly, of hair PMP *kulut

ʔuruʔuru'Āre'āre(OC) ripe (of coconuts only) POC *kulu₂

ʔuruʔuru ana niu'Āre'āre(OC) a fully grown ripe coconut POC *kulu₂

ʔutaMolima(OC) to bite, to chew, as sugarcane POC *kuta

ʔutaʔutaMolima(OC) fiveleaf yam: Dioscorea pentaphylla POC *kuta

ʔutoTongan(OC) brain POC *qutok

ʔuʔuSa'a(OC) to hang down, to depend, to swing POC *kukut

ʔuʔuSamoan(OC) to hold, grip, clutch POC *kukup

ʔuʔuSamoan(OC) mollusc (Modiola sp.), the shell of which is used by women to split pandanus leaves POC *kukur